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The paper has explored analogue of gravitational synchrotron massive particle and Penrose process in MOdified Gravity (MOG) known as Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity (STVG). Investigation of the gravitational field around Kerr-MOG black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-30 Bobur Turimov , Husan Alibekov , Pulat Tadjimuratov , Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov

The scalar-tensor-vector gravity (STVG) theory has attracted significant interest due to its ability to effectively address the issue of galaxy rotation curves and clusters of galaxies without considering the influence of dark matter. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Wentao Liu , Di Wu , Xiongjun Fang , Jiliang Jing , Jieci Wang

We explore charged black holes in Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG), unveiling their distinctive features across multiple physical domains. Our topological analysis reveals that the STVG coupling parameter $\alpha$ bolsters thermal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-07 Erdem Sucu , Kuantay Boshkayev , Yassine Sekhmani , İzzet Sakallı , Mohsen Fathi

We consider the case of rotating black holes in a dark-matter-emulating theory of gravity called MOG. The latter introduces a gravitational vector field with an associated gravitational charge proportional to the black hole mass and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-14 Michael F. Wondrak , Piero Nicolini , John W. Moffat

We investigate the imaging and polarization properties of Kerr-MOG black holes surrounded by geometrically thick accretion flows. The MOG parameter $\alpha$ introduces deviations from the Kerr metric, providing a means to test modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-18 Xinyu Wang , Huan Ye , Xiao-Xiong Zeng

The field equations for Scalar-Tensor-Vector-Gravity (STVG) or modified gravity (MOG) have a static, spherically symmetric black hole solution determined by the mass $M$ with two horizons. The strength of the gravitational constant is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-05 J. W. Moffat

The polarized images of a synchrotron emitting ring are studied in the regular Hayward and Bardeen black hole spacetimes. These regular black holes carry a magnetic field in terms of gravity coupled to nonlinear electrodynamics. Results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-27 Xueyao Liu , Songbai Chen , Jiliang Jing

We examine the accretion of matter onto a black hole in scalar--tensor--vector gravity (STVG) also known as modified gravity (MOG). The gravitational constant is $G=G_{N} (1 + \alpha)$ where $\alpha$ is a parameter taken to be constant for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-11-11 Anslyn J. John

Scalar Tensor Vector Gravity (STVG) is an alternative theory of gravitation that has successfully explained the rotation curves of nearby galaxies, the dynamics of galactic clusters, and cosmological data without dark matter, but has hardly…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-06-28 Daniela Pérez , Federico G. Lopez Armengol , Gustavo E. Romero

Scalar-tensor-vector gravity, also known as modified gravity (MOG), has emerged as an alternative to General Relativity (GR). It aims to explain astrophysical phenomena without invoking dark matter. The S-stars orbiting the supermassive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-21 Ioannis Liodis , Gernot Heissel , Rita Mastroioanni , Jai Grover , Dario Izzo

We study the dynamics and relativistic precessions of massive particles on spherical orbits around Kerr-MOG black holes in scalar-tensor-vector gravity (STVG). By employing the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism, we derive conserved quantities and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-18 Hui-Min Wang

The astrophysical consequences of the presence of a quintessence scalar field on the evolution of the horizon and on the accretion disk surrounding a static black hole, in the Scalar-Vector-Tensor version of Modified Gravity (MOG), are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-15 Haidar Sheikhahmadi , Saheb Soroushfar , S. N. Sajadi , Tiberiu Harko

We adopt general relativistic ray-tracing (GRRT) schemes to study images of Kerr-MOG black holes surrounded by geometrically thick magnetized equilibrium tori, which belong to steady-state solutions of thick accretion disks within the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-16 Zelin Zhang , Songbai Chen , Jiliang Jing

Synchrotron radiation from hot gas near a black hole results in a polarized image. The image polarization is determined by effects including the orientation of the magnetic field in the emitting region, relativistic motion of the gas,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-14 Ramesh Narayan , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Michael D. Johnson , Zachary Gelles , Elizabeth Himwich , Dominic O. Chang , Angelo Ricarte , Jason Dexter , Charles F. Gammie , Andrew A. Chael , The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration , : , Kazunori Akiyama , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Mislav Balokovic , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Wilfred Boland , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Hope Boyce , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Chi-kwan Chan , Shami Chatterjee , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Paul M. Chesler , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia DeLaurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Ralph P. Eatough , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Ed Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Roberto Garcıa , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Jose L. Gomez , Arturo I. Gomez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Michael H. Hecht , Ronald Hesper , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales , Svetlana Jorstad , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Michael Kramer , Carsten Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Tod R. Lauer , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Yan-Rong Li , Zhiyuan Li , Michael Lindqvist , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Pin Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin Lonsdale , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher Ivan Martı-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , James M. Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Cornelia Muller , Gibwa Musoke , Alejandro Mus Mejıas , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Antonios Nathanail , Joey Neilsen , Roberto Neri , Chunchong Ni , Aristeidis Noutsos , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Hector Olivares , Gisela N. Ortiz-Leon , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal Ozel , Jongho Park , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Pietu , Richard Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Felix M. Potzl , Ben Prather , Jorge A. Preciado-Lopez , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Alexander W. Raymond , Luciano Rezzolla , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan Rogers , Eduardo Ros , Mel Rose , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sanchez , David Sanchez-Arguelles , Mahito Sasada , Tuomas Savolainen , F. Peter Schloerb , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Paul Tiede , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Tyler Trent , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jonathan Weintroub , Norbert Wex , Robert Wharton , Maciek Wielgus , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Doosoo Yoon , Andre Young , Ken Young , Ziri Younsi , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , J. Anton Zensus , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

In this work, we study the images of a Kerr black hole (BH) immersed in uniform magnetic fields, illuminated by the synchrotron radiation of charged particles in the jet. We particularly focus on the spontaneously vortical motions (SVMs) of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-11-15 Zhenyu Zhang , Yehui Hou , Zezhou Hu , Minyong Guo , Bin Chen

Scalar Tensor Vector Gravity(STVG) is a fully covariant Lorentz invariant alternative theory of gravity also called as MOdified Gravity(MOG) which modifies General Relativity(GR) with dynamical massive vector field and scalar fields. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-13 Sreekanth Harikumar , Marek Biesiada

Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG), also referred as MOdified Gravity (MOG), is an alternative theory of the gravitational interaction. Its weak field approximation has been successfully used to described Solar System observations, galaxy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-02-02 Federico G. Lopez Armengol , Gustavo E. Romero

One of the most important issues in relativistic astrophysics is to explain the origin mechanisms of (ultra)high energy charged particle components of cosmic rays. Black holes (BHs) being huge reservoirs of (gravitational) energy can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-17 Saeed Ullah Khan , Javlon Rayimbaev , Zdenek Stuchlík

This paper investigates the photon ring and shadow structure of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole in the scalar-tensor-vector gravitational framework. The black hole is characterized by the ( MOG) parameter (\alpha) and the charge (Q).…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-04 Qiao Yue , Zhaoyi Xu , Meirong Tang

We study the strong gravitational lensing effect around rotating black holes in different gravity theories. By calculating the deflection angle of strong gravitational lensing, we evaluate the lensing observables including the image…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-20 Xiao-Mei Kuang , Zi-Yu Tang , Bin Wang , Anzhong Wang
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