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Measurements approaching the ultimate quantum limits of sensitivity are central in quantum information processing, quantum metrology, and communication. Quantum measurements to discriminate multiple states at the single-photon level are…
Fundamental phase-shift detection properties of optical multimode interferometers are analyzed. Limits on perfectly distinguishable phase shifts are derived for general quantum states of a given average energy. In contrast to earlier work,…
The quantum capacity of a noisy quantum channel determines the maximal rate at which we can code reliably over asymptotically many uses of the channel, and it characterizes the channel's ultimate ability to transmit quantum information…
Low-noise amplification atmicrowave frequencies has become increasingly important for the research related to superconducting qubits and nanoelectromechanical systems. The fundamental limit of added noise by a phase-preserving amplifier is…
At the fundamental level, quantum communication is ultimately limited by noise. For instance, quantum signals cannot be amplified without the introduction of noise in the amplified states. Furthermore, photon loss reduces the…
The topic of quantum noise has become extremely timely due to the rise of quantum information physics and the resulting interchange of ideas between the condensed matter and AMO/quantum optics communities. This review gives a pedagogical…
Sensitive measurement of electrical signals is at the heart of modern science and technology. According to quantum mechanics, any detector or amplifier is required to add a certain amount of noise to the signal, equaling at best the energy…
Quantum enhanced sensing provides a powerful tool for the precise measurement of physical parameters that is applicable in many areas of science and technology. The achievable gain in sensitivity is largely limited by the influence of noise…
Quantum amplifier channels are at the core of several physical processes. Not only do they model the optical process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion, but the transformation corresponding to an amplifier channel also describes the…
Entanglement distillation is an indispensable ingredient in extended quantum communication networks. Distillation protocols are necessarily non-deterministic and require advanced experimental techniques such as noiseless amplification.…
The sensitivity in optical interferometry is strongly affected by losses during the signal propagation or at the detection stage. The optimal quantum states of the probing signals in the presence of loss were recently found. However, in…
The optimal rate of reliable communication over a quantum channel can be enhanced by pre-shared entanglement. Whereas the enhancement may be unbounded in infinite-dimensional settings even when the input power is constrained, a…
We consider the quantum measurement properties of a driven cavity with a Kerr-type nonlinearity which is used to amplify a dispersively coupled input signal. Focusing on an operating regime which is near a bifurcation point, we derive…
We present a new type of phase- and frequency-sensitive amplification and attenuation in a cyclically driven three-level superconducting Josephson system. Different from the previous linear theory of pure phase-sensitive amplification, a…
We show that detection of single photons is not subject to the fundamental limitations that accompany quantum linear amplification of bosonic mode amplitudes, even though a photodetector does amplify a few-photon input signal to a…
Quantum parametric amplifiers typically generate by operating in proximity to a point of dynamical instability. We consider an alternate general strategy where quantum-limited, large-gain amplification is achieved without any proximity to a…
Recent advances in quantum sensing -- optical clocks at $5.5\times 10^{-19}$ systematic uncertainty, frequency-dependent squeezing below the standard quantum limit, quantum magnetometers approaching fundamental sensitivity limits -- raise a…
We model optomechanical systems as linear optical amplifiers. This provides a unified treatment of diverse optomechanical phenomena. We emphasize, in particular, the relationship between ponderomotive squeezing and optomechanically induced…
Quantum interferometers offer phase measurement capabilities that surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), with phase sensitivity and quantum enhancement factor serving as key performance metrics. However, practical implementations face…
We show that the detection sensitivity of a linear detector is lower bounded by some quantum limits. For the force detection, relevant for atomic force microscopes, the lower bound is given by the so-called ultimate quantum limit. For the…