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Unlike common cancers, such as those of the prostate and breast, tumor grading in rare cancers is difficult and largely undefined because of small sample sizes, the sheer volume of time needed to undertake on such a task, and the inherent…

The increasing efficiency and compactness of deep learning architectures, together with hardware improvements, have enabled the complex and high-dimensional modelling of medical volumetric data at higher resolutions. Recently,…

This work contributes to breast cancer sub-type classification using histopathological images. We utilize masked autoencoders (MAEs) to learn a self-supervised embedding tailored for computer vision tasks in this domain. This embedding…

One noted issue of vector-quantized variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE) is that the learned discrete representation uses only a fraction of the full capacity of the codebook, also known as codebook collapse. We hypothesize that the training…

Accurate prediction of cancer type and primary tumor site is critical for effective diagnosis, personalized treatment, and improved outcomes. Traditional models struggle with the complexity of genomic and clinical data, but quantum…

Quantitative medical image computing (radiomics) has been widely applied to build prediction models from medical images. However, overfitting is a significant issue in conventional radiomics, where a large number of radiomic features are…

Identifying customer segments in retail banking portfolios with different risk profiles can improve the accuracy of credit scoring. The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) has shown promising results in different research domains, and it has been…

Deep neural networks with discrete latent variables offer the promise of better symbolic reasoning, and learning abstractions that are more useful to new tasks. There has been a surge in interest in discrete latent variable models, however,…

Data-driven fault diagnostics of safety-critical systems often faces the challenge of a complete lack of labeled data associated with faulty system conditions (i.e., fault types) at training time. Since an unknown number and nature of fault…

Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoders (VQ-VAE)[1] provide an unsupervised model for learning discrete representations by combining vector quantization and autoencoders. In this paper, we study the use of VQ-VAE for representation…

Cancer is a complex disease with significant social and economic impact. Advancements in high-throughput molecular assays and the reduced cost for performing high-quality multi-omics measurements have fuelled insights through machine…

Radio frequency (RF) communication has been an important part of civil and military communication for decades. With the increasing complexity of wireless environments and the growing number of devices sharing the spectrum, it has become…

An important challenge in emotion recognition is to develop methods that can leverage unlabeled training data. In this paper, we propose the VQ-MAE-AV model, a self-supervised multimodal model that leverages masked autoencoders to learn…

The de novo design of drug molecules is recognized as a time-consuming and costly process, and computational approaches have been applied in each stage of the drug discovery pipeline. Variational autoencoder is one of the computer-aided…

The vector quantization is a widely used method to map continuous representation to discrete space and has important application in tokenization for generative mode, bottlenecking information and many other tasks in machine learning. Vector…

Unsupervised learning on high-dimensional RNA-seq data can reveal molecular subtypes beyond standard labels. We combine an autoencoder-based representation with clustering and stability analysis to search for rare but reproducible genomic…

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an inexpensive and widely available tool for cardiovascular assessment. Despite its standardized format and small file size, the high complexity and inter-individual variability of ECG signals (typically a…

The lack of explainability is one of the most prominent disadvantages of deep learning applications in omics. This "black box" problem can undermine the credibility and limit the practical implementation of biomedical deep learning models.…

Deep Learning models encode rich semantic information in their hidden representations. However, it remains challenging to understand which parts of this information models actually rely on when making predictions. A promising line of…

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are widely used deep generative models capable of learning unsupervised latent representations of data. Such representations are often difficult to interpret or control. We consider the problem of…