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In today's legal environment, lawsuits and regulatory investigations require companies to embark upon increasingly intensive data-focused engagements to identify, collect and analyze large quantities of data. When documents are staged for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Rishi Chhatwal , Peter Gronvall , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Robert Keeling , Jianping Zhang , Haozhen Zhao

In this paper, we explore the application of cognitive intelligence in legal knowledge, focusing on the development of judicial artificial intelligence. Utilizing natural language processing (NLP) as the core technology, we propose a method…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Jie Zhou , Xin Chen , Hang Zhang , Zhe Li

Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) has become a core benchmark for evaluating AI in the criminal legal domain, but it only sees criminal cases that have already passed prosecutorial review and been formally indicted. As a result, LJP leaves a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Junyu Lu , Qi Wei , Peishuo Zheng , Jie Zhang , Hui Huang , Qianru Wang , Chuan Xiao , Jianbin Qin , Shuyuan Zheng

Data derived from the realm of the social sciences is often produced in digital text form, which motivates its use as a source for natural language processing methods. Researchers and practitioners have developed and relied on artificial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Raysa Benatti , Fabiana Severi , Sandra Avila , Esther Luna Colombini

We analyze 6.7 million case law documents to determine the presence of gender bias within our judicial system. We find that current bias detectino methods in NLP are insufficient to determine gender bias in our case law database and propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Noa Baker Gillis

Recent advances and applications of language technology and artificial intelligence have enabled much success across multiple domains like law, medical and mental health. AI-based Language Models, like Judgement Prediction, have recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Sahil Girhepuje , Anmol Goel , Gokul S Krishnan , Shreya Goyal , Satyendra Pandey , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Balaraman Ravindran

Companies regularly spend millions of dollars producing electronically-stored documents in legal matters. Recently, parties on both sides of the 'legal aisle' are accepting the use of machine learning techniques like text classification to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-12-23 Christian J. Mahoney , Jianping Zhang , Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet , Peter Gronvall , Haozhen Zhao

Legal argumentation is a vital cornerstone of justice, underpinning an adversarial form of law, and extensive research has attempted to augment or undertake legal argumentation via the use of computer-based automation including Artificial…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Lance Eliot

Legal charge prediction, an essential task in legal AI, seeks to assign accurate charge labels to case descriptions, attracting significant recent interest. Existing methods primarily employ diverse neural network structures for modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Jingyun Sun , Chi Wei , Yang Li

In early years, text classification is typically accomplished by feature-based machine learning models; recently, deep neural networks, as a powerful learning machine, make it possible to work with raw input as the text stands. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Xianggen Liu , Lili Mou , Haotian Cui , Zhengdong Lu , Sen Song

Legal judgment prediction (LJP) has become increasingly important in the legal field. In this paper, we identify that existing large language models (LLMs) have significant problems of insufficient reasoning due to a lack of legal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Xinyu Yang , Chenlong Deng , Zhicheng Dou

A comprehensive and high-quality lexicon plays a crucial role in traditional text classification approaches. And it improves the utilization of the linguistic knowledge. Although it is helpful for the task, the lexicon has got little…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-19 QingBiao LI , Chunhua Wu , Kangfeng Zheng

This study proposes a text classification algorithm based on large language models, aiming to address the limitations of traditional methods in capturing long-range dependencies, understanding contextual semantics, and handling class…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Ning Lyu , Yuxi Wang , Feng Chen , Qingyuan Zhang

Mainstream methods for Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) based on Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) heavily rely on the statistical correlation between case facts and judgment results. This paradigm lacks explicit modeling of legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuzhi Liang , Lixiang Ma , Xinrong Zhu

In this work, we carried out a study about the use of attention-based algorithms to automate the categorization of Brazilian case law documents. We used data from the Kollemata Project to produce two distinct datasets with adequate class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Felipe R. Serras , Marcelo Finger

Machine learning shows promise in predicting the outcome of legal cases, but most research has concentrated on civil law cases rather than case law systems. We identified two unique challenges in making legal case outcome predictions with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Lang Cao , Zifeng Wang , Cao Xiao , Jimeng Sun

Legal judgment prediction (LJP), which enables litigants and their lawyers to forecast judgment outcomes and refine litigation strategies, has emerged as a crucial legal NLP task. Existing studies typically utilize legal facts, i.e., facts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Junkai Liu , Yujie Tong , Hui Huang , Bowen Zheng , Yiran Hu , Peicheng Wu , Chuan Xiao , Makoto Onizuka , Muyun Yang , Shuyuan Zheng

Text reviews can provide rich useful semantic information for modeling users and items, which can benefit rating prediction in recommendation. Different words and reviews may have different informativeness for users or items. Besides,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Xianchen Wang , Hongtao Liu , Peiyi Wang , Fangzhao Wu , Hongyan Xu , Wenjun Wang , Xing Xie

Artificial intelligence systems, which are designed with a capability to learn from the data presented to them, are used throughout society. These systems are used to screen loan applicants, make sentencing recommendations for criminal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Jeremy Straub

The ability to automatically identify industry sector coverage in articles on legal developments, or any kind of news articles for that matter, can bring plentiful of benefits both to the readers and the content creators themselves. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Hui Yang , Stella Hadjiantoni , Yunfei Long , Ruta Petraityte , Berthold Lausen