Related papers: Simultaneous $\mathfrak{p}$-orderings and equidist…

In this paper, we define and study the new problem Simultaneous PQ-Ordering. Its input consists of a set of PQ-trees, which represent sets of circular orders of their leaves, together with a set of child-parent relations between these…

Let $p$ be a prime and let $K$ be a finite extension of the field ${\bf Q}_p$ of $p$-adic numbers such that the group ${}_pK^\times$ has order $p$. The ${\bf F}_p$-space $K^\times\!/K^{\times p}$ carries a natural filtration coming from the…

We study functions from a unique factorization monoid to a field. The set of all such functions is a commutative ring isomorphic to a ring of formal power series over the field, with indeterminates indexed by the prime elements of the…

For a Dedekind domain $D$, let $\mathcal{P}(D)$ be the set of ideals of $D$ that are radical of a principal ideal. We show that, if $D,D'$ are Dedekind domains and there is an order isomorphism between $\mathcal{P}(D)$ and…

Let $1<c<d$ be two relatively prime integers, $g_{c,d}=cd-c-d$ and $\mathbb{P}$ is the set of primes. For any given integer $k \geq 1$, we prove that $$\#\left\{p^k\le g_{c,d}:p\in \mathbb{P}, ~p^k=cx+dy,~x,y\in \mathbb{Z}_{\geqslant0}…

Let $P(x) \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$ be a polynomial. We give an easy and new proof of the fact that the set of primes $p$ such that $p \mid P(n)$, for some $n \in \mathbb{Z}$, is infinite. We also get analog of this result for some special…

In fair division of indivisible goods, using sequences of sincere choices (or picking sequences) is a natural way to allocate the objects. The idea is as follows: at each stage, a designated agent picks one object among those that remain.…

Regarding non-unique factorization of integer-valued polynomials over a discrete valuation domain $(R,M)$ with finite residue field, it is known that there exist absolutely irreducible elements, that is, irreducible elements all of whose…

We develop a combinatorial and order-theoretic framework for shuffles, understood as ordered concatenations of indexed families of sequences that induce total orders on the natural numbers. Motivated by the classical \v{S}arkovski\u{i}…

Let $T$ be a totally ordered set and let $D(T)$ denote the set of all cuts of $T$. We prove the existence of a discrete valuation domain $O_{v}$ such that $T$ is order isomorphic to two special subsets of Spec$(O_{v})$. We prove that if $A$…

It is well known that a set of non-defect matrices can be simultaneously diagonalized if and only if the matrices commute. In the case of non-commuting matrices, the best that can be achieved is simultaneous block diagonalization. Here we…

The pentagonal number theorem is extended to the sequence of the number of integer partitions with all parts equal. The new pentagonal number theorem implies that the distribution of the primes is just a specific detail of the application…

The main focus of this paper is on the problem of relating an ideal $I$ in the polynomial ring $\mathbb Q[x_1, \dots, x_n]$ to a corresponding ideal in $\mathbb F_p[x_1,\dots, x_n]$ where $p$ is a prime number; in other words, the…

Let $u\ne \pm 1$, and $v\ne \pm 1$ be a pair of fixed relatively prime squarefree integers, and let $d\geq 1$, and $e \geq1$ be a pair of fixed integers. It is shown that there are infinitely many primes $p\geq 2$ such that $u$ and $v$ have…

The multplicative order of an integer g modulo a prime p, with p coprime to g, is defined to be the smallest positive integer k such that g^k is congruent to 1 modulo p. For fixed integers g and d the distribution of this order over residue…

We propose an equivalent formula for the higher-order derivatives used in the study of Generalized Almost Perfect Nonlinear functions over an arbitrary finite field of characteristic $p$. The result is obtained by counting the number of…

We give an algorithm for computing the factor ring of a given ideal in a Dedekind domain with finite rank, which runs in deterministic and polynomial-time. We provide two applications of the algorithm: judging whether a given ideal is prime…

Write $\mathrm{ord}_p(\cdot)$ for the multiplicative order in $\mathbb{F}_p^{\times}$. Recently, Matthew Just and the second author investigated the problem of classifying pairs $\alpha, \beta \in \mathbb{Q}^{\times}\setminus\{\pm 1\}$ for…

Let $\mathfrak{P}$ be a topological property. We study the relation between the order structure of the set of all $\mathfrak{P}$-extensions of a completely regular space $X$ with compact remainder (partially ordered by the standard partial…

A classical problem in analytic number theory is to study the distribution of $\alpha p$ modulo 1, where $\alpha$ is irrational and $p$ runs over the set of primes. We consider the subsequence generated by the primes $p$ such that $p+2$ is…