Related papers: Confining complex ghost degrees of freedom
One of the remarkable differences between renormalizable quantum gravity with four-derivative action and its superrenormalizable polynomial generalizations is that the latter admit a more sophisticated particle mass spectrum. Already in the…
We consider open bosonic strings. The non-interacting multi-string theory is described by certain free string field operators which we construct. These are shown to have local commutators with respect to a center of mass coordinate. The…
We rewrite the Zwanziger horizon condition in terms of the Kugo-Ojima parameter for color confinement. This enables one to explain which value of the Kugo-Ojima parameter is allowed if the horizon condition is imposed. Although all the…
Prerequisites of confinement in the covariant and local description of QCD are reviewed. In particular, the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion, the positivity violations of transverse gluon and quark states, and the conditions necessary to…
The SU(2) Yang-Mills gluon and ghost Green-functions are studied in Landau gauge by means of lattice gauge simulations. A focal point is their low energy behavior since in particular the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion relates a diverging…
We study co-existence system of both bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom. For such system with up to first derivatives in Lagrangian, we find Ostrogradsky-type ghost-free condition in Hamiltonian analysis, which is found to be the same…
We present a novel way to constrain the ghost field with respect to other physical fields present in a given theory such that the theory becomes quantizable. This is achieved by imposing positivity of the total kinetic energy of the system…
Expanding the Landau gauge gluon and ghost two-point functions in a power series we investigate their infrared behavior. The corresponding powers are constrained through the ghost Dyson-Schwinger equation by exploiting multiplicative…
We consider a non-Abelian Lee--Wick gauge theory and discuss Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) invariance. It contains fourth-order derivative as extensions of the kinetic term, leading to massive ghosts in the theory upon quantization. We…
It is well-known that a (point-localized) free quantum field for massive particles with spin $s$ acting in a Hilbert space has at best scaling dimension $s+1$, which excludes its use in the perturbative construction of renormalizable…
We derive the gaugeon formalism of the Kalb-Ramond field theory, a reducible gauge theory, which discusses the quantum gauge freedom. In gaugeon formalism, theory admits quantum gauge symmetry which leaves the action form-invariant. The…
In the framework of the covariant canonical formalism of quadratic gravity, we consider the problem of confinement of massive ghost which violates the unitarity of the physical S-matrix. It is shown that if there is a bound state between…
We elucidate some exact relations between light-cone and covariant string field theories on the basis of the homological perturbation lemma for $A_{\infty }$. The covariant string field splits into the light-cone string field and trivial…
We complete the construction of vacuum string field theory by proposing a canonical choice of ghost kinetic term -- a local insertion of the ghost field at the string midpoint with an infinite normalization. This choice, supported by level…
As has been recently realized, a certain two-point function $\Lambda$ -- and its associated form factors G and L -- play a prominent role in the PT-BFM formulation of the Schwinger-Dyson equations used to study gauge-invariantly the gluon…
A manifestly covariant treatment of the free quantum eletromagnetic field, in a linear covariant gauge, is implemented employing the Schwinger's Variational Principle and the B-field formalism. It is also discussed the abelian Proca's model…
Using the frame formulation of multi-gravity in three dimensions, we show that demanding the presence of secondary constraints which remove the Boulware-Deser ghosts restricts the possible interaction terms of the theory and identifies…
Preliminary investigations of the topological phase of string theory along the lines of a (restricted) $\dot{w}_{\infty}$ non-linear sigma model are provided. Gauge fixing the w gravity gauge fields by preserving a geometric identity Lorenz…
As an example of what happens with physically relevant theories like effective gravity, we consider the covariant relativistic theory of a scalar field of arbitrarily higher differential order. A procedure based on the Legendre…
We explore the postulates of string no-scale supergravity in the context of free-fermionic string models. The requirements of vanishing vacuum energy, flat directions of the scalar potential, and stable no-scale mechanism impose strong…