English

Ghost free boson-fermion co-existence system

High Energy Physics - Theory 2017-08-16 v3 Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

Abstract

We study co-existence system of both bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom. For such system with up to first derivatives in Lagrangian, we find Ostrogradsky-type ghost-free condition in Hamiltonian analysis, which is found to be the same with requiring that the equations of motion of fermions are first-order in Lagrangian formulation. When fermionic degrees of freedom are present, uniqueness of time evolution is not guaranteed a priori because of the Grassmann property. We confirm that the additional condition, which is introduced to close Hamiltonian analysis, also ensures the uniqueness of the time evolution of system.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1704.02717,
  title  = {Ghost free boson-fermion co-existence system},
  author = {Rampei Kimura and Yuki Sakakihara and Masahide Yamaguchi},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1704.02717},
  year   = {2017}
}

Comments

21 pages, v2 : a field theoretical example is added in Appendix, v3: published in PRD

R2 v1 2026-06-22T19:12:27.742Z