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Data economy relies on data-driven systems and complex machine learning applications are fueled by them. Unfortunately, however, machine learning models are exposed to fraudulent activities and adversarial attacks, which threaten their…

The digital exhaust left by flows of physical and digital commodities provides a rich measure of the nature, strength and significance of relationships between countries in the global network. With this work, we examine how these traces and…

Money laundering is a financial crime that obscures the origin of illicit funds, necessitating the development and enforcement of anti-money laundering (AML) policies by governments and organizations. The proliferation of mobile payment…

Deep within the networks of distributed systems, one often finds anomalies that affect their efficiency and performance. These anomalies are difficult to detect because the distributed systems may not have sufficient sensors to monitor the…

As the global economy transitions toward decarbonization, the aluminium sector has become a focal point for strategic resource management. While policies such as the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) aim to reduce emissions, they…

In railway infrastructure, construction and maintenance is typically procured using competitive procedures such as auctions. However, these procedures only fulfill their purpose - using (taxpayers') money efficiently - if bidders do not…

Nestedness has traditionally been used to detect assembly patterns in meta-communities and networks of interacting species. Attempts have also been made to uncover nested structures in international trade, typically represented as bipartite…

When deploying modern machine learning-enabled robotic systems in high-stakes applications, detecting distribution shift is critical. However, most existing methods for detecting distribution shift are not well-suited to robotics settings,…

With the rapid development of the Internet, various types of anomaly traffic are threatening network security. We consider the problem of anomaly network traffic detection and propose a three-stage anomaly detection framework using only…

With the outsourcing of design flow, ensuring the security and trustworthiness of integrated circuits has become more challenging. Among the security threats, IC counterfeiting and recycled ICs have received a lot of attention due to their…

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection via denoising diffusion model has limitations in determining appropriate noise parameters that can degrade anomalies while preserving normal characteristics. Also, normal regions can fluctuate…

Market manipulation is tackled through regulation in traditional markets because of its detrimental effect on market efficiency and many participating financial actors. The recent increase of private retail investors due to new low-fee…

This article aims to model international trade relationships among 29 countries in the apparel industry between 1994 and 2013. Bilateral trade flows can be represented as a directed network, where nodes correspond to countries and directed…

A covert attack method often used by APT organizations is the DNS tunnel, which is used to pass information by constructing C2 networks. And they often use the method of frequently changing domain names and server IP addresses to evade…

Anomaly detection algorithms are a valuable tool in network science for identifying unusual patterns in a network. These algorithms have numerous practical applications, including detecting fraud, identifying network security threats, and…

Anomaly detection is a branch of data analysis and machine learning which aims at identifying observations that exhibit abnormal behaviour. Be it measurement errors, disease development, severe weather, production quality default(s) (items)…

Recently, there has been a growing interest in network research, especially in these fields of biology, computer science, and sociology. It is natural to address complex financial issues such as the European sovereign debt crisis from the…

Data encryption is the primary method of protecting the privacy of consumer device Internet communications from network observers. The ability to automatically detect unencrypted data in network traffic is therefore an essential tool for…

Circular trading is a form of tax evasion in Goods and Services Tax where a group of fraudulent taxpayers (traders) aims to mask illegal transactions by superimposing several fictitious transactions (where no value is added to the goods or…

Despite the fact that cryptocurrencies themselves have experienced an astonishing rate of adoption over the last decade, cryptocurrency fraud detection is a heavily under-researched problem area. Of all fraudulent activity regarding…