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We propose a simple model to analyze the traffic of droplets in microfluidic ``dual networks''. Such functional networks which consist of two types of channels, namely those accessible or forbidden to droplets, often display a complex…
International trade is based on a set of complex relationships between different countries that can be modelled as an extremely dense network of interconnected agents. On the one hand, this network might favour the economic growth of…
Anti-doping programs rely on biological testing to detect performance-enhancing drugs, but such testing costs over $800 per sample and is limited by short detection windows for many prohibited substances. These constraints leave large…
The detection of overlapping communities is a challenging problem which is gaining increasing interest in recent years because of the natural attitude of individuals, observed in real-world networks, to participate in multiple groups at the…
Financial markets such as bond, derivatives, and repo markets form networks of interdependent obligations. Existing multilateral netting methods typically trade off the extent of netting against preservation of counterparty exposure:…
Money laundering is the process that intends to legalize the income derived from illicit activities, thus facilitating their entry into the monetary flow of the economy without jeopardizing their source. It is crucial to identify such…
The constant increase of devices connected to the Internet, and therefore of cyber-attacks, makes it necessary to analyze network traffic in order to recognize malicious activity. Traditional packet-based analysis methods are insufficient…
Using the intuition that out-of-distribution data have lower likelihoods, a common approach for out-of-distribution detection involves estimating the underlying data distribution. Normalizing flows are likelihood-based generative models…
False discovery rate (FDR) is a common way to control the number of false discoveries in multiple testing. There are a number of approaches available for controlling FDR. However, for functional test statistics, which are discretized into…
Criminals are using every means available to launder the profits from their illegal activities into ostensibly legitimate assets. Meanwhile, most commercial anti-money laundering systems are still rule-based, which cannot adapt to the…
Smart grid data can be evaluated for anomaly detection in numerous fields, including cyber-security, fault detection, electricity theft, etc. The strange anomalous behaviors may have been caused by various reasons, including peculiar…
We incorporate the behaviour of tax evasion into the standard two-dimensional Ising model and augment it by providing policy-makers with the opportunity to curb tax evasion via an appropriate enforcement mechanism. We discuss different…
Modern traffic management systems increasingly adopt hierarchical control strategies for improved efficiency and scalability, where a local traffic controller mode is chosen by a supervisory controller based on the changing large-scale…
Tax evasion causes severe losses of government revenues and disturbs the economic order of fair competition. To help alleviate this problem, the latest tax evasion detection solutions utilize expert knowledge to extract features and then…
This article introduces a framework that is meant to assist in mitigating societal risks that software can pose. Concretely, this encompasses facets of software doping as well as unfairness and discrimination in high-risk decision-making…
Network operators are generally aware of common attack vectors that they defend against. For most networks the vast majority of traffic is legitimate. However new attack vectors are continually designed and attempted by bad actors which…
Diffusion on complex networks is a convenient framework to simulate a great variety of transport systems. The effects of failures in the network links may be used to cascade phenomena or the congestion formation in the system. A real time…
The global shipping network, which moves over 80% of the world's goods, is not only a vital backbone of the global economy but also one of the most polluting industries. Studying how this network operates is crucial for improving its…
Petri nets are a formalism for modelling and reasoning about the behaviour of distributed systems. Recently, a reversible approach to Petri nets, Reversing Petri Nets (RPN), has been proposed, allowing transitions to be reversed…
Web-based human trafficking activity has increased in recent years but it remains sparsely dispersed among escort advertisements and difficult to identify due to its often-latent nature. The use of intelligent systems to detect trafficking…