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Due to individual heterogeneity, person-specific models are usually achieving better performance than generic (one-size-fits-all) models in data-driven health applications. However, generic models are usually preferable in real-world…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Zhaoyang Cao , Han Yu , Huiyuan Yang , Akane Sano

Citrus, as one of the most economically important fruit crops globally, suffers severe yield depressions due to various diseases. Accurate disease detection and classification serve as critical prerequisites for implementing targeted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Jun Chen , Yonghua Yu , Weifu Li , Yaohui Chen , Hong Chen

Differentiating between the two main subtypes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Crohns disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent clinical challenge due to overlapping presentations. This study introduces a novel…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-14 Myles Joshua Toledo Tan , Maria Kapetanaki , Panayiotis V. Benos

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC), characterized by chronic inflammation with alternating remission-relapse cycles, requires precise histological healing (HH) evaluation to improve clinical outcomes. To overcome the limitations of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-16 Zhengxuan Qiu , Bo Peng , Xiaoying Tang , Jiankun Wang , Qin Guo

Annotation-efficient segmentation of the numerous mitochondria instances from various electron microscopy (EM) images is highly valuable for biological and neuroscience research. Although unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) methods can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shan Xiong , Jiabao Chen , Ye Wang , Jialin Peng

The Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) paradigm is attracting plenty of attention in medical imaging classification, where labeled data is scarce. MIL methods cast medical images as bags of instances (e.g. patches in whole slide images, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Francisco M. Castro-Macías , Pablo Morales-Álvarez , Yunan Wu , Rafael Molina , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos

Semi-Supervised Instance Segmentation (SSIS) involves classifying and grouping image pixels into distinct object instances using limited labeled data. This learning paradigm usually faces a significant challenge of unstable performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Jianghang Lin , Yilin Lu , Yunhang Shen , Chaoyang Zhu , Shengchuan Zhang , Liujuan Cao , Rongrong Ji

Identifying unique polyps in colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) images is a critical yet challenging task for medical personnel due to the large volume of images, the cognitive load it creates for clinicians, and the ambiguity in labeling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Puneet Sharma , Kristian Dalsbø Hindberg , Eibe Frank , Benedicte Schelde-Olesen , Ulrik Deding

Multiple Instance learning (MIL) models have been extensively used in pathology to predict biomarkers and risk-stratify patients from gigapixel-sized images. Machine learning problems in medical imaging often deal with rare diseases, making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Dinkar Juyal , Siddhant Shingi , Syed Ashar Javed , Harshith Padigela , Chintan Shah , Anand Sampat , Archit Khosla , John Abel , Amaro Taylor-Weiner

Multi-instance learning (MIL) is an effective paradigm for whole-slide pathological images (WSIs) classification to handle the gigapixel resolution and slide-level label. Prevailing MIL methods primarily focus on improving the feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Tiancheng Lin , Zhimiao Yu , Hongyu Hu , Yi Xu , Chang Wen Chen

Contrastive Language Image Pre-training (CLIP) has recently demonstrated success across various tasks due to superior feature representation empowered by image-text contrastive learning. However, the instance discrimination method used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiang An , Kaicheng Yang , Xiangzi Dai , Ziyong Feng , Jiankang Deng

Histologic assessment of ulcerative colitis (UC) activity is an important endpoint in clinical trials and routine care, but manual grading with indices such as the Nancy histological index (NHI) is time-consuming and prone to observer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Adam Kukučka , Ondřej Fabián , Vít Musil , Tomáš Brázdil

Whole-slide image classification represents a key challenge in computational pathology and medicine. Attention-based multiple instance learning (MIL) has emerged as an effective approach for this problem. However, the effect of attention…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-14 Rajiv Krishnakumar , Julien Baglio , Frederik F. Flöther , Christian Ruiz , Stefan Habringer , Nicole H. Romano

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by relapsing inflammation of the large intestine. The severity of UC is often represented by the Mayo Endoscopic Subscore (MES) which quantifies mucosal disease…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-01 Evan Schwab , Gabriela Oana Cula , Kristopher Standish , Stephen S. F. Yip , Aleksandar Stojmirovic , Louis Ghanem , Christel Chehoud

In medical image analysis, the cost of acquiring high-quality data and their annotation by experts is a barrier in many medical applications. Most of the techniques used are based on supervised learning framework and need a large amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Siladittya Manna , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal

Multiple instance learning (MIL) is a powerful approach to classify whole slide images (WSIs) for diagnostic pathology. A fundamental challenge of MIL on WSI classification is to discover the \textit{critical instances} that trigger the bag…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Zhikang Wang , Yue Bi , Tong Pan , Xiaoyu Wang , Chris Bain , Richard Bassed , Seiya Imoto , Jianhua Yao , Jiangning Song

Multiple instance learning (MIL) significantly reduced annotation costs via bag-level weak labels for large-scale images, such as histopathological whole slide images (WSIs). However, its adaptability to continual tasks with minimal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Byung Hyun Lee , Wongi Jeong , Woojae Han , Kyoungbun Lee , Se Young Chun

Semi-supervised medical image segmentation has attracted much attention in recent years because of the high cost of medical image annotations. In this paper, we propose a novel Inherent Consistent Learning (ICL) method, aims to learn robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Ye Zhu , Jie Yang , Si-Qi Liu , Ruimao Zhang

Class-incremental with repetition (CIR), where previously trained classes repeatedly introduced in future tasks, is a more realistic scenario than the traditional class incremental setup, which assumes that each task contains unseen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Taeheon Kim , San Kim , Minhyuk Seo , Dongjae Jeon , Wonje Jeung , Jonghyun Choi

Semi-supervised learning (SSL), which aims at leveraging a few labeled images and a large number of unlabeled images for network training, is beneficial for relieving the burden of data annotation in medical image segmentation. According to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-15 Xinkai Zhao , Chaowei Fang , De-Jun Fan , Xutao Lin , Feng Gao , Guanbin Li