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Control Lyapunov functions (CLFs) and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have been used to develop provably safe controllers by means of quadratic programs (QPs). This framework guarantees safety in the form of trajectory invariance with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Matheus F. Reis , A. Pedro Aguiar

Safety for control systems is often posed as an invariance constraint; the system is said to be safe if state trajectories avoid some unsafe region of the statespace for all time. An assured controller is one that enforces safety online by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-18 Matthew Abate , Samuel Coogan

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have emerged as a powerful tool in the design of safety-critical controllers for nonlinear systems. In modern applications, complex systems often involve the feedback interconnection of subsystems evolving…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Stefano Di Gregorio , Guido Carnevale , Giuseppe Notarstefano

This letter explores the implementation of a safe control law for systems of dynamically coupled cooperating agents. Under a CBF-based collaborative safety framework, we examine how the maximum safety capability for a given agent, which is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-23 Brooks A. Butler , Philip E. Paré

Safe navigation for multi-robot systems requires enforcing safety without sacrificing task efficiency under decentralized decision-making. Existing decentralized methods often assume robot homogeneity, making shared safety requirements…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Joonkyung Kim , Yanze Zhang , Wenhao Luo , Yiwei Lyu

In this paper, we study a safe control design for dynamical systems in the presence of uncertainty in a dynamical environment. The worst-case error approach is considered to formulate robust Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) in an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-15 Vahid Hamdipoor , Nader Meskin , Christos G. Cassandras

In this work, we combine {Model Predictive Control} (MPC) and Control Barrier Function (CBF) design {methods} to create a hierarchical control law for simultaneous lane-keeping (LK) and obstacle avoidance (OA): at the low level, MPC…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-14 Sven Brüggemann , Drew Steeves , Miroslav Krstic

This work presents a safe control design approach that integrates the disturbance observer (DOB) and the control barrier function (CBF) for systems with external disturbances. Different from existing robust CBF results that consider the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-06 Yujie Wang , Xiangru Xu

We consider the problem of navigating a nonlinear dynamical system from some initial set to some target set while avoiding collision with an unsafe set. We extend the concept of density function to control density function (CDF) for solving…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-22 Joseph Moyalan , Sriram S. K. S Narayanan , Andrew Zheng , Umesh Vaidya

Safety-critical control is a crucial aspect of modern systems, and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have gained popularity as the framework of choice for ensuring safety. However, implementing a CBF requires exact knowledge of the true…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-26 Rahal Nanayakkara , Aaron D. Ames , Paulo Tabuada

Controlling connected automated vehicles (CAVs) via vehicle-to-everything (V2X) connectivity holds significant promise for improving fuel economy and traffic efficiency. However, to deploy CAVs and reap their benefits, their controllers…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-12 Yuchen Chen , Gabor Orosz , Tamas G. Molnar

Safety is a fundamental requirement of control systems. Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are proposed to ensure the safety of the control system by constructing safety filters or synthesizing control inputs. However, the safety guarantee…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Manan Tayal , Hongchao Zhang , Pushpak Jagtap , Andrew Clark , Shishir Kolathaya

Various control strategies and field experiments have been designed for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) to stabilize mixed traffic that contains both CAVs and Human-driven Vehicles (HVs). The effect of these stabilizing CAV control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-09 Chenguang Zhao , Huan Yu

State estimation uncertainty is prevalent in real-world applications, hindering the application of safety-critical control. Existing methods address this by strengthening a Control Barrier Function (CBF) condition either to handle actuation…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Xiao Tan , Rahal Nanayakkara , Paulo Tabuada , Aaron D. Ames

Cooperative transport and manipulation of heavy or bulky payloads by multiple manipulators requires coordinated formation tracking, while simultaneously enforcing strict safety constraints in varying environments with limited communication…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Simiao Zhuang , Bingkun Huang , Zewen Yang

We address the problem of optimizing the performance of a dynamic system while satisfying hard safety constraints at all times. Implementing an optimal control solution is limited by the computational cost required to derive it in real…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-19 Wei Xiao , Christos G. Cassandras , Calin A. Belta

Safety in terms of collision avoidance for multi-robot systems is a difficult challenge under uncertainty, non-determinism and lack of complete information. This paper aims to propose a collision avoidance method that accounts for both…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Wenhao Luo , Wen Sun , Ashish Kapoor

This study proposes a hybrid safety verification framework for closed-loop multi-agent systems under bounded stochastic disturbances. The proposed approach augments control barrier functions with a novel $\psi$-weighted formulation that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Venkat Margapuri , Garik Kazanjian , Naren Kosaraju

Model predictive control (MPC) with control barrier functions (CBF) is a promising solution to address the moving obstacle collision avoidance (MOCA) problem. Unlike MPC with distance constraints (MPC-DC), this approach facilitates early…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-29 Ming Li , Zhiyong Sun , Zirui Liao , Siep Weiland

The control barrier function (CBF) has become a fundamental tool in safety-critical systems design since its invention. Typically, the quadratic optimization framework is employed to accommodate CBFs, control Lyapunov functions (CLFs),…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Junjun Xie , Liang Hu , Jiahu Qin , Jun Yang , Huijun Gao