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In the social sciences, small- to medium-scale datasets are common, and linear regression is canonical. In privacy-aware settings, much work has focused on differentially private (DP) linear regression, but mostly on point estimation with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Shurong Lin , Aleksandra Slavković , Deekshith Reddy Bhoomireddy

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is a standard approach to privacy-preserving learning based on per-example clipping, subsampling, Gaussian perturbation, and privacy accounting. Classical DP-SGD releases a noisy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia

In the arena of privacy-preserving machine learning, differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) has outstripped the objective perturbation mechanism in popularity and interest. Though unrivaled in versatility, DP-SGD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Rachel Redberg , Antti Koskela , Yu-Xiang Wang

Training large neural networks with meaningful/usable differential privacy security guarantees is a demanding challenge. In this paper, we tackle this problem by revisiting the two key operations in Differentially Private Stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Hanshen Xiao , Jun Wan , Srinivas Devadas

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the most widely used method for training machine learning models with provable privacy guarantees. A key challenge in DP-SGD is setting the per-sample gradient clipping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Atefeh Gilani , Naima Tasnim , Lalitha Sankar , Oliver Kosut

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is a standard method for enforcing privacy in deep learning, typically using the Gaussian mechanism to perturb gradient updates. However, conventional mechanisms such as Gaussian…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Qin Yang , Nicholas Stout , Meisam Mohammady , Han Wang , Ayesha Samreen , Christopher J Quinn , Yan Yan , Ashish Kundu , Yuan Hong

Modern machine learning algorithms aim to extract fine-grained information from data to provide accurate predictions, which often conflicts with the goal of privacy protection. This paper addresses the practical and theoretical importance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-17 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Each round in Differential Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DPSGD) transmits a sum of clipped gradients obfuscated with Gaussian noise to a central server which uses this to update a global model which often represents a deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Toan N. Nguyen , Phuong Ha Nguyen , Lam M. Nguyen , Marten Van Dijk

We propose an adaptive (stochastic) gradient perturbation method for differentially private empirical risk minimization. At each iteration, the random noise added to the gradient is optimally adapted to the stepsize; we name this process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Xiaoxia Wu , Lingxiao Wang , Irina Cristali , Quanquan Gu , Rebecca Willett

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is known to have poorer training and test performance on large neural networks, compared to ordinary stochastic gradient descent (SGD). In this paper, we perform a detailed study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Lauren Watson , Eric Gan , Mohan Dantam , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Rik Sarkar

Privacy-preserving training on sensitive data commonly relies on differentially private stochastic optimization with gradient clipping and Gaussian noise. The clipping threshold is a critical control knob: if set too small, systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia , Bruce J. West , YangQuan Chen

When we enforce differential privacy in machine learning, the utility-privacy trade-off is different w.r.t. each group. Gradient clipping and random noise addition disproportionately affect underrepresented and complex classes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Depeng Xu , Wei Du , Xintao Wu

Deep learning models are increasingly popular in many machine learning applications where the training data may contain sensitive information. To provide formal and rigorous privacy guarantee, many learning systems now incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Xiangyi Chen , Zhiwei Steven Wu , Mingyi Hong

In this paper, we investigate one of the most fundamental nonconvex learning problems, ReLU regression, in the Differential Privacy (DP) model. Previous studies on private ReLU regression heavily rely on stringent assumptions, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Meng Ding , Mingxi Lei , Shaowei Wang , Tianhang Zheng , Di Wang , Jinhui Xu

We provide new lower bounds on the privacy guarantee of the multi-epoch Adaptive Batch Linear Queries (ABLQ) mechanism with shuffled batch sampling, demonstrating substantial gaps when compared to Poisson subsampling; prior analysis was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Lynn Chua , Badih Ghazi , Pritish Kamath , Ravi Kumar , Pasin Manurangsi , Amer Sinha , Chiyuan Zhang

Machine learning models are known to memorize private data to reduce their training loss, which can be inadvertently exploited by privacy attacks such as model inversion and membership inference. To protect against these attacks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Jie Fu , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu , Zhili Chen , Lulu Wang , Kuncan Wang , Xun Ran

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the workhorse algorithm for recent advances in private deep learning. It provides a single privacy guarantee to all datapoints in the dataset. We propose output-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Da Yu , Gautam Kamath , Janardhan Kulkarni , Tie-Yan Liu , Jian Yin , Huishuai Zhang

We provide an improved analysis of standard differentially private gradient descent for linear regression under the squared error loss. Under modest assumptions on the input, we characterize the distribution of the iterate at each time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Gavin Brown , Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Georgina Evans , Daogao Liu , Adam Smith , Abhradeep Thakurta

The Noisy-SGD algorithm is widely used for privately training machine learning models. Traditional privacy analyses of this algorithm assume that the internal state is publicly revealed, resulting in privacy loss bounds that increase…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Shahab Asoodeh , Mario Diaz

The vanilla Differentially-Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD), including DP-Adam and other variants, ensures the privacy of training data by uniformly distributing privacy costs across training steps. The equivalent privacy costs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Jian Du , Song Li , Xiangyi Chen , Siheng Chen , Mingyi Hong