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This paper studies open-vocabulary segmentation (OVS) through calibrating in-vocabulary and domain-biased embedding space with generalized contextual prior of CLIP. As the core of open-vocabulary understanding, alignment of visual content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Yong Liu , Sule Bai , Guanbin Li , Yitong Wang , Yansong Tang

It is highly desirable yet challenging to generate image captions that can describe novel objects which are unseen in caption-labeled training data, a capability that is evaluated in the novel object captioning challenge (nocaps). In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Xiaowei Hu , Xi Yin , Kevin Lin , Lijuan Wang , Lei Zhang , Jianfeng Gao , Zicheng Liu

Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OVOD) has achieved remarkable success in generalizing to novel categories. However, this success often rests on the implicit assumption of domain stationarity. In this work, we provide a principled revisit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiaoran Xu , Xiaoshan Yang , Jiangang Yang , Yifan Xu , Jian Liu , Changsheng Xu

It is widely agreed that open-vocabulary-based approaches outperform classical closed-set training solutions for recognizing unseen objects in images for semantic segmentation. Existing open-vocabulary approaches leverage vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Huadong Tang , Youpeng Zhao , Yan Huang , Min Xu , Jun Wang , Qiang Wu

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel in visual understanding but often lack reliable grounding capabilities and actionable inference rates. Integrating them with open-vocabulary object detection (OVD), instance segmentation, and tracking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Bastian Pätzold , Jan Nogga , Sven Behnke

In contrast to the incremental classification task, the incremental detection task is characterized by the presence of data ambiguity, as an image may have differently labeled bounding boxes across multiple continuous learning stages. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ziyue Huang , Yupeng He , Qingjie Liu , Yunhong Wang

Recently, the strong generalization ability of CLIP has facilitated open-vocabulary semantic segmentation, which labels pixels using arbitrary text. However, existing methods that fine-tune CLIP for segmentation on limited seen categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Muyao Yuan , Yuanhong Zhang , Weizhan Zhang , Lan Ma , Yuan Gao , Jiangyong Ying , Yudeng Xin

Out-of-distribution (OOD) object detection is a critical task focused on detecting objects that originate from a data distribution different from that of the training data. In this study, we investigate to what extent state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sadia Ilyas , Ido Freeman , Matthias Rottmann

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are susceptible to object hallucinations, an issue in which their generated text contains non-existent objects, greatly limiting their reliability and practicality. Current approaches often rely on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ailin Deng , Zhirui Chen , Bryan Hooi

Combining simple architectures with large-scale pre-training has led to massive improvements in image classification. For object detection, pre-training and scaling approaches are less well established, especially in the long-tailed and…

Vision-language modeling has enabled open-vocabulary tasks where predictions can be queried using any text prompt in a zero-shot manner. Existing open-vocabulary tasks focus on object classes, whereas research on object attributes is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-10 María A. Bravo , Sudhanshu Mittal , Simon Ging , Thomas Brox

A key benefit of deep vision-language models such as CLIP is that they enable zero-shot open vocabulary classification; the user has the ability to define novel class labels via natural language prompts at inference time. However, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-05 A K Nirala , A Joshi , C Hegde , S Sarkar

Open-world detection poses significant challenges, as it requires the detection of any object using either object class labels or free-form texts. Existing related works often use large-scale manual annotated caption datasets for training,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Fanjie Kong , Yanbei Chen , Jiarui Cai , Davide Modolo

Detecting objects accurately from a large or open vocabulary necessitates the vision-language alignment on region representations. However, learning such a region-text alignment by obtaining high-quality box annotations with text labels or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Size Wu , Wenwei Zhang , Lumin Xu , Sheng Jin , Wentao Liu , Chen Change Loy

Video anomaly detection (VAD) with weak supervision has achieved remarkable performance in utilizing video-level labels to discriminate whether a video frame is normal or abnormal. However, current approaches are inherently limited to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Peng Wu , Xuerong Zhou , Guansong Pang , Yujia Sun , Jing Liu , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Traditional object detection models are typically trained on a fixed set of classes, limiting their flexibility and making it costly to incorporate new categories. Open-vocabulary object detection addresses this limitation by enabling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jyoti Kini , Rohit Gupta , Mubarak Shah

Locating and retrieving objects from scene-level point clouds is a challenging problem with broad applications in robotics and augmented reality. This task is commonly formulated as open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation. Although recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Khanh Nguyen , Dasith de Silva Edirimuni , Ghulam Mubashar Hassan , Ajmal Mian

Open-vocabulary segmentation is a challenging task requiring segmenting and recognizing objects from an open set of categories. One way to address this challenge is to leverage multi-modal models, such as CLIP, to provide image and text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Qihang Yu , Ju He , Xueqing Deng , Xiaohui Shen , Liang-Chieh Chen

Object detection traditionally relies on fixed category sets, requiring costly re-training to handle novel objects. While Open-World and Open-Vocabulary Object Detection (OWOD and OVOD) improve flexibility, OWOD lacks semantic labels for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Furkan Mumcu , Michael J. Jones , Anoop Cherian , Yasin Yilmaz

Open-vocabulary object detection has benefited greatly from pretrained vision-language models, but is still limited by the amount of available detection training data. While detection training data can be expanded by using Web image-text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Matthias Minderer , Alexey Gritsenko , Neil Houlsby