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Computational multi-scale pandemic modelling remains a major and timely challenge. Here we identify specific requirements for a new class of models simulating pandemics across three scales: (1) pathogen evolution, often punctuated by the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-04 Quang Dang Nguyen , Sheryl L. Chang , Carl J. E. Suster , Rebecca J. Rockett , Vitali Sintchenko , Tania C. Sorrell , Mikhail Prokopenko

Capturing the structured mixing within a population is key to the reliable projection of infectious disease dynamics and hence informed control. Both heterogeneity in the number of contacts and age-structured mixing have been repeatedly…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Luke Murray Kearney , Emma L Davis , Matt J Keeling

The dynamics of ecological as well as chemical systems may depend on heterogeneous configurations. Heterogeneity in reaction-diffusion systems often increase modelling and simulating difficulties when non-linear effects are present. One…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-27 Orlando Silva

Infectious diseases that incorporate pre-symptomatic transmission are challenging to monitor, model, predict and contain. We address this scenario by studying a variant of a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infected-recovered model on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-05-07 Bo Li , David Saad

Computing observables from conditioned dynamics is typically computationally hard, because, although obtaining independent samples efficiently from the unconditioned dynamics is usually feasible, generally most of the samples must be…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2026-01-08 Alfredo Braunstein , Giovanni Catania , Luca Dall'Asta , Matteo Mariani , Anna Paola Muntoni

We prove that, for Poisson transmission and recovery processes, the classic Susceptible $\to$ Infected $\to$ Recovered (SIR) epidemic model of Kermack and McKendrick provides, for any given time $t>0$, a strict lower bound on the expected…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-02-13 Robert R. Wilkinson , Frank G. Ball , Kieran J. Sharkey

Metapopulation models are commonly used in ecology, evolution, and epidemiology. These models usually entail homogeneity assumptions within patches and study networks of migration between patches to generate insights into conservation of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-06 Diepreye Ayabina , Hasan Sevil , Adam Kleczkowski , M. Gabriela M. Gomes

Heteroskedastic errors can lead to inaccurate statistical conclusions if they are not properly handled. We introduce a test for heteroskedasticity for the nonparametric regression model with multiple covariates. It is based on a suitable…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-21 Justin Chown , Ursula U. Müller

We use a stochastic metapopulation model to study the combined effects of seasonality and spatial heterogeneity on disease persistence. We find a pronounced effect of enhanced persistence associated with strong heterogeneity, intermediate…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2015-02-23 Ganna Rozhnova , Ana Nunes , Alan J. McKane

The dynamics of many epidemic compartmental models for infectious diseases that spread in a single host population present a second-order phase transition. This transition occurs as a function of the infectivity parameter, from the absence…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-01-02 Alex Arenas , Antonio Garijo , Sergio Gómez , Jordi Villadelprat

In this paper we analyze the effects of commuting and social inequalities for the epidemic development of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). With this aim we consider a SEIRD (susceptible, exposed, infected, recovered and dead by disease)…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-18 João A. M. Gondim , Thiago Yukio Tanaka

Networks of contacts capable of spreading infectious diseases are often observed to be highly heterogeneous, with the majority of individuals having fewer contacts than the mean, and a significant minority having relatively very many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-21 César Parra-Rojas , Thomas House , Alan J. McKane

We consider the SEIR compartmental epidemic model subject to state and input constraints (a cap on the proportion of infectious individuals and limits on the allowed social distancing and quarantining measures, respectively). We present a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-11 Willem Esterhuizen , Philipp Sauerteig , Stefan Streif , Karl Worthmann

We extend a recent investigation by Meehan et al. (2019) regarding the global stability properties of the general Kermack-McKendrick (renewal) model to the multi-strain case. We demonstrate that the basic reproduction number of each strain…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-03 Michael T. Meehan , Daniel G. Cocks , Emma S. McBryde

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges worldwide, necessitating effective modelling approaches to understand and control its transmission dynamics. In this study, we propose a novel approach that integrates…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-14 Moein Khalighi , Leo Lahti , Faïçal Ndaïrou , Peter Rashkov , Delfim F. M. Torres

We study stochastic particle systems made up of heterogeneous units. We introduce a general framework suitable to analytically study this kind of systems and apply it to two particular models of interest in economy and epidemiology. We show…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-02-06 Luis F. Lafuerza , Raul Toral

Most epidemic processes on networks can be modelled by a compartmental model, that specifies the spread of a disease in a population. The corresponding compartmental graph describes how the viral state of the nodes (individuals) changes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-29 Massimo A. Achterberg , Piet Van Mieghem

We show how the standard field theoretical language based on creation and annihilation operators may be used for a straightforward derivation of closed master equations describing the population dynamics of multivariate stochastic epidemic…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-03-08 Leonardo Mondaini

We develop a Bayesian non-parametric framework based on multi-task Gaussian processes, appropriate for temporal shrinkage. We focus on a particular class of dynamic hierarchical models to obtain evidence-based knowledge of infectious…

During an epidemic, the infectiousness of infected individuals is known to depend on the time since the individual was infected, that is called the age of infection. Here we study the parameter identifiability of the Kermack-McKendrick…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-05-10 Jacques Demongeot , Quentin Griette , Yvon Maday , Pierre Magal