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According to the fundamental principle of evolutionary game theory, the more successful strategy in a population should spread. Hence, during a strategy imitation process a player compares its payoff value to the payoff value held by a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-07-07 A. Szolnoki , M. Perc

Previous studies suggest that punishment is a useful way to promote cooperation in the well-mixed public goods game, whereas it still lacks specific evidence that punishment maintains cooperation in spatial prisoner's dilemma game as well.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-03-08 Qing Jin , Zhen Wang , Zhen Wang , Yi-Ling Wang

Repeated interaction between individuals is the main mechanism for maintaining cooperation in social dilemma situations. Variants of tit-for-tat (repeating the previous action of the opponent) and the win-stay lose-shift strategy are known…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-11-08 Shoma Tanabe , Naoki Masuda

The prisoner's dilemma (PD) game is a simple model for understanding cooperative patterns in complex systems consisting of selfish individuals. Here, we study a PD game problem in scale-free networks containing hierarchically organized…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-19 C. -K. Yun , N. Masuda , B. Kahng

Besides the structure of interactions within networks, also the interactions between networks are of the outmost importance. We therefore study the outcome of the public goods game on two interdependent networks that are connected by means…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-13 Zhen Wang , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

We study the evolution of cooperation in populations where individuals play prisoner's dilemma on a network. Every node of the network corresponds on an individual choosing whether to cooperate or defect in a repeated game. The players…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-02-08 Vahideh H. Manshadi , Amin Saberi

The perceived risk and reward for a given situation can vary depending on resource availability, accumulated wealth, and other extrinsic factors such as individual backgrounds. Based on this general aspect of everyday life, here we use…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-12-07 Marco A. Amaral , Marcelo M. de Oliveira

To understand the emergence and sustainment of cooperative behavior in interacting collectives, we perform global convergence analysis for replicator dynamics of a large, well-mixed population of individuals playing a repeated snowdrift…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-10-10 Pouria Ramazi , Ming Cao

Cooperation plays a crucial role in both nature and human society, and the conundrum of cooperation attracts the attention from interdisciplinary research. In this study, we investigated the evolution of cooperation in optional prisoner's…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-02-02 Gopal Sharma , Hao Guo , Chen Shen , Jun Tanimoto

We investigate the spatial Public Goods Game in the presence of fitness-driven and conformity-driven agents. This framework usually considers only the former type of agents, i.e., agents that tend to imitate the strategy of their fittest…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-08-30 Marco Alberto Javarone , Alberto Antonioni , Francesco Caravelli

In this Letter we present a new perspective for the study of the Public Goods games on complex networks. The idea of our approach is to consider a realistic structure for the groups in which Public goods games are played. Instead of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-30 Jesús Gómez-Gardeñes , Daniele Vilone , Angel Sánchez

Rewards and penalties are common practical tools that can be used to promote cooperation in social institutions. The evolution of cooperation under reward and punishment incentives in joint enterprises has been formalized and investigated,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-08-20 Tatsuya Sasaki

Evolution of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game is studied where initially all players are linked via a regular graph, having four neighbors each. Simultaneously with the strategy evolution, players are allowed to make new…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-03-27 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Zsuzsa Danku

When group members claim a portion of limited resources, it is tempting to invest more effort to get a larger share. However, if everyone acts similarly, they all get the same piece they would obtain without extra effort. This is the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-06-15 Chaoqian Wang , Attila Szolnoki

In a static environment, optional participation and a local agglomeration of cooperators are found to be beneficial for the occurrence and maintenance of cooperation. In the optional public goods game, the rock-scissors-paper cycles of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-05 Li-Xin Zhong , Wen-Juan Xu , Yong-Dong Shi , Tian Qiu

Spatial evolutionary games are studied with myopic players whose payoff interest, as a personal character, is tuned from selfishness to other-regarding preference via fraternity. The players are located on a square lattice and collect…

Physics and Society · Physics 2012-03-07 Gyorgy Szabo , Attila Szolnoki

Public goods game serves as a valuable paradigm for studying the challenges of collective cooperation in human and natural societies. Peer punishment is often considered as an effective incentive for promoting cooperation in such contexts.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-04-25 Qiushuang Wang , Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki

Cooperation is fundamental to human societies, and the interaction structure among individuals profoundly shapes its emergence and evolution. In real-world scenarios, cooperation prevails in multi-group (higher-order) populations, beyond…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-28 Dini Wang , Peng Yi , Yiguang Hong , Jie Chen , Gang Yan

We study the evolution of cooperation within the spatial prisoner's dilemma game on a square lattice where a fraction of players $\mu$ can spread their strategy more easily than the rest due to a predetermined larger teaching capability. In…

Physics and Society · Physics 2008-12-02 Matjaz Perc , Attila Szolnoki , Gyorgy Szabo

Frontier LLM agents engage in blackmail, sabotage, and document leaks under goal conflicts in agentic settings, exposing limitations of alignment methods built around single-agent or cooperative assumptions. Recent work shows LLM-guided…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ujwal Kumar , Arth Singh , Hershraj Niranjani , Machiko Hirota , Takehiro Takayanagi , Alice Saito , Eiji Kamioka , Phan Xuan Tan