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Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a promising approach to secure communications, with continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offering compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Despite this advantage, CV-QKD is limited by…

Reference-Frame-Independent quantum key distribution (RFI-QKD) is known to be robust against slowly varying reference frames. However, other QKD protocols such as BB84 can also provide secrete keys if the speed of the relative motion of the…

Quantum cryptographic protocols are typically analysed by assuming that potential opponents can carry out all physical operations, an assumption which grants capabilities far in excess of present technology. Adjusting this assumption to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-27 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Nathan Walk , Timothy C. Ralph

Error filtration is a method for encoding the quantum state of a single particle into a higher dimensional Hilbert space in such a way that it becomes less sensitive to phase noise. We experimentally demonstrate this method by distributing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. P. Lamoureux , E. Brainis , N. Cerf , Ph. Emplit , M. Haelterman , S. Massar

The decoy-state Bennett-Brassard 1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is widely regarded as the de facto standard for practical implementations. On the receiver side, passive basis choice is attractive because it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Akihiro Mizutani , Shun Kawakami , Go Kato

Noise and errors are unavoidable in any realistic quantum process, including processes designed to reduce noise and errors in the first place. In particular, quantum thermodynamical protocols for cooling can be significantly affected,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Jian Li , Xiaoyang Wang , Marcus Huber , Nicolai Friis , Pharnam Bakhshinezhad

Leakage errors, in which a qubit is excited to a level outside the qubit subspace, represent a significant obstacle in the development of robust quantum computers. We present a computationally efficient simulation methodology for studying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Hidetaka Manabe , Yasunari Suzuki , Andrew S. Darmawan

We compare the effect of different noise scenarios on the achievable rate of an epsilon-secure key for the BB84 and the six-state protocol. We study the situation where quantum noise is added deliberately, and investigate the remarkable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Markus Mertz , Hermann Kampermann , Zahra Shadman , Dagmar Bruß

Secret key exchange relies on the creation of correlated signals, serving as the raw resource for secure communication. Thermal states, exhibit Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations, which offer a promising avenue for generating such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-04 Adam Walton , Anne Ghesquière , Benjamin Varcoe

Though the BB84 protocol has provable security over a noiseless quantum channel, the security is not proven over current noisy technology. The level of tolerable error on such systems is still unclear, as is how much information about a raw…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Brian Pigott , Elizabeth Campolongo , Hardik Routray , Alex Khan

This paper investigates a reconciliation method in order to establish an errorless secret key in a QKD protocol. Classical key distribution protocols are no longer unconditionally secure because computational complexity of mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) protocol has been demonstrated as a viable solution to detector side-channel attacks. One of the main advantages of MDI-QKD is that the security can be proved without making…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-14 Bing Qi

High-speed quantum key distribution (QKD) systems have achieved repetition frequencies above gigahertz through advanced technologies and devices, laying an important foundation for the deployment of high-key-rate QKD system. Although these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Jialei Su , Qingquan Peng , Jia-lin Chen , Feng-yu Lu , Zihao Chen , Junxuan Liu , De-yong He , Shuang Wang , Anqi Huang

It is demonstrated that for the entanglement-based version of the Bennett-Brassard (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol, Alice and Bob share provable entanglement if and only if the estimated qubit error rate is below 25% or above 75%.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Gernot Alber

Quantum Key Distribution with the BB84 protocol has been shown to be unconditionally secure even using weak coherent pulses instead of single-photon signals. The distances that can be covered by these methods are limited due to the loss in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcos Curty , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Quantum error mitigation techniques mimic noiseless quantum circuits by running several related noisy circuits and combining their outputs in particular ways. How well such techniques work is thought to depend strongly on how noisy the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 David Layden , Bradley Mitchell , Karthik Siva

Intensity correlations between neighboring pulses open a prevalent yet often overlooked security loophole in decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD). As a solution, we present and experimentally demonstrate an…

Secure communication over long distances is one of the major problems of modern informatics. Classical transmissions are recognized to be vulnerable to quantum computer attacks. Remarkably, the same quantum mechanics that engenders quantum…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication method that utilizes the principles of quantum mechanics to establish secret keys. The central task in the study of QKD is to prove security in the presence of an eavesdropper with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-14 Sirui Peng , Xiaoming Sun , Hongyi Zhou

A successful quantum error correction protocol would allow quantum computers to run algorithms without suffering from the effects of noise. However, fully fault-tolerant quantum error correction is too resource intensive for existing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-29 Chris N. Self , Marcello Benedetti , David Amaro
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