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Observations of the black hole in the center of the Milky Way with the Event Horizon Telescope at 1.3 mm have revealed a size of the emitting region that is smaller than the size of the black-hole shadow. This can be reconciled with the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-22 Dimitrios Psaltis , Ramesh Narayan , Vincent L. Fish , Avery E. Broderick , Abraham Loeb , Sheperd S. Doeleman

Event Horizon, a null hypersurface defining the boundary of the black hole region of a spacetime, is not particularly useful for evolving black holes since it is non-local in time. Instead, one uses the more tangible concept of Apparent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-23 Emel Altas , Bayram Tekin

Black hole (BH) shadow observations and gravitational wave astronomy have become crucial approaches for exploring BH physics and testing gravitational theories in extreme environments. This paper investigates the charged black hole with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-16 Lai Zhao , Meirong Tang , Zhaoyi Xu

Gravitational wave (GW) data from observed binary black hole coalescences (BBHC) have been demonstrated in recent analyses to validate the Hawking Area Theorem (HAT) for black hole horizons. The result of such analyses is imposed here as a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-05 Parthasarathi Majumdar

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) array that comprises millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength telescopes separated by distances comparable to the diameter of the Earth. At a nominal operating…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-08 The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration

The recent Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the M87* have led to a surge of interest in studying the shadow of black holes. Besides, investigation of time evolution and lifetime of black holes helps us to veto/restrict some…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-14 S. H. Hendi , Kh. Jafarzade , B. Eslam Panah

Area laws were first discovered by Bekenstein and Hawking, who found that the entropy of a black hole grows proportional to its surface area, and not its volume. Entropy area laws have since become a fundamental part of modern physics, from…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-06-15 C. M. Herdman , P. -N. Roy , R. G. Melko , A. Del Maestro

Beginning with Bekenstein, many authors have considered a uniformly spaced discrete quantum spectrum for black hole horizon area. It is also believed that the huge degeneracy of these area levels corresponds to the notion of black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 Gilad Gour

We test the validity of the Generalized Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle in the presence of strong gravitational fields nearby rotating black holes; Heisenberg's principle is supposed to require additional correction terms when gravity is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-29 Fabrizio Tamburini , Fabiano Feleppa , Bo Thidé

We investigate the validity of the equivalence principle near horizons in string theory, analyzing the breakdown of effective field theory caused by longitudinal string spreading effects. An experiment is set up where a detector is thrown…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-09-20 Matthew Dodelson , Eva Silverstein

We rephrase the derivation of black hole radiation so as to take into account, at the level of transition amplitudes, the change of the geometry induced by the emission process. This enlarged description reveals that the dynamical variables…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 S. Massar , R. Parentani

Black hole images obtained by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) by the Event Horizon Telescope are a new tool for testing general relativity in super-strong gravitational fields. These images demonstrated a ring-like structure which…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-06 S. V. Chernov , M. A. Shchurov , I. I. Bulygin , A. G. Rudnitskiy

Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) images of the supermassive black hole M87* depict an asymmetric ring of emission. General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) models of M87* and its accretion disk predict that the amplitude and location…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-03 Vadim Bernshteyn , Nicholas S. Conroy , Michi Bauböck , Paul Tiede , Abhishek V. Joshi , Ben S. Prather , Charles F. Gammie , the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration , : , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Antxon Alberdi , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , David Ball , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Lindy Blackburn , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Michael Bremer , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Douglas F. Carlos , John E. Carlstrom , Andrew Chael , Chi-kwan Chan , Dominic O. Chang , Koushik Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Paul Chichura , Ilje Cho , John E. Conway , Thomas M. Crawford , Geoffrey B. Crew , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Rohan Dahale , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Sergio A. Dzib , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Vincent L. Fish , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Marianna Foschi , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Ciriaco Goddi , Roman Gold , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , José L. Gómez , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Makoto Inoue , Sara Issaoun , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Michael Janssen , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Michael D. Johnson , Svetlana Jorstad , Adam C. Jones , Taehyun Jung , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Patrick M. Koch , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Deokhyeong Lee , Sang-Sung Lee , Aviad Levis , Shaoliang Li , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Mikhail Lisakov , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Andrei P. Lobanov , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Ru-Sen Lu , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Hugo Messias , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , Joshua Montgomery , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Dhanya G. Nair , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Chunchong Ni , Michael A. Nowak , Hiroki Okino , Héctor Raúl Olivares Sánchez , Feryal Özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Georgios Filippos Paraschos , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Alexander Plavin , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Alexandra Rahlin , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Luciano Rezzolla , Angelo Ricarte , Luca Ricci , Bart Ripperda , Jan Röder , Freek Roelofs , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Eduardo Ros , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , León D. S. Salas , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , Saurabh , Tuomas Savolainen , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Zhiqiang Shen , Sasikumar Silpa , Randall Smith , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Michael Titus , Kenji Toma , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Efthalia Traianou , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Sebastiano D. von Fellenberg , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Maciek Wielgus , Kaj Wiik , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Jompoj Wongphexhauxsorn , Qingwen Wu , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , Ai-Ling Zeng , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao

Hawking's local rigidity theorem, proven in the smooth setting by Alexakis-Ionescu-Klainerman, says that the event horizon of any stationary non-extremal black hole is a non-degenerate Killing horizon. In this paper, we prove that the full…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2024-09-20 Klaus Kroencke , Oliver Petersen

Submilliarcsecond astrometry and imaging of the black hole Sgr A* at the Galactic Center may become possible in the near future at infrared and submillimetre wavelengths. This resolution is sufficient to observe the silhouette the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Avery Broderick , Abraham Loeb

Criteria for thermal stability of charged rotating black holes of any dimension are derived, for horizon areas that are large relative to the Planck area (in these dimensions). The derivation is based on generic assumptions of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-30 Aloke Kumar Sinha , Parthasarathi Majumdar

Jet models of Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data should also conform to the observed jet profiles just downstream. This study evaluates conformance of models of black hole jets to images of the innermost jet of M87. This is a basic test…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-10 Brian Punsly

By examining the locations of central black holes in two elliptical galaxies, M\,32 and M\,87, we derive constraints on the violation of the strong equivalence principle for purely gravitational objects, i.e. black holes, of less than about…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-15 Asha Asvathaman , Jeremy S. Heyl , Lam Hui

The EHT has captured a series of images of black holes. These images could provide valuable information about the gravitational environment near the event horizon. However, accurate detection and parameter estimation for candidate black…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-16 Yeqi Fang , Wei Hong , Jun Tao

A simple classical consideration of black hole formation and evaporation times focusing solely on the frame of an observer at infinity demonstrates that an infall cutoff outside the event horizon of a black hole must be imposed in order for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-13 Borun D. Chowdhury , Lawrence M. Krauss
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