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The goal of this work is to train effective representations for keyword spotting via metric learning. Most existing works address keyword spotting as a closed-set classification problem, where both target and non-target keywords are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Jaesung Huh , Minjae Lee , Heesoo Heo , Seongkyu Mun , Joon Son Chung

Keyword spotting (KWS) on mobile devices generally requires a small memory footprint. However, most current models still maintain a large number of parameters in order to ensure good performance. In this paper, we propose a temporally…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Shenghua Hu , Jing Wang , Yujun Wang , Wenjing Yang

End-to-end (E2E) approaches to keyword search (KWS) are considerably simpler in terms of training and indexing complexity when compared to approaches which use the output of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. This simplification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Bolaji Yusuf , Murat Saraçlar

In this paper, we present the XMUSPEECH system for Task 1 of 2020 Personalized Voice Trigger Challenge (PVTC2020). Task 1 is a joint wake-up word detection with speaker verification on close talking data. The whole system consists of a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Dexin Liao , Jing Li , Yiming Zhi , Song Li , Qingyang Hong , Lin Li

Keyword spotting (KWS) and speaker verification (SV) are two important tasks in speech applications. Research shows that the state-of-art KWS and SV models are trained independently using different datasets since they expect to learn…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Li Wang , Rongzhi Gu , Weiji Zhuang , Peng Gao , Yujun Wang , Yuexian Zou

Open vocabulary keyword spotting is a crucial and challenging task in automatic speech recognition (ASR) that focuses on detecting user-defined keywords within a spoken utterance. Keyword spotting methods commonly map the audio utterance…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-18 Aviv Navon , Aviv Shamsian , Neta Glazer , Gill Hetz , Joseph Keshet

Smart audio devices are gated by an always-on lightweight keyword spotting program to reduce power consumption. It is however challenging to design models that have both high accuracy and low latency for accurate and fast responsiveness.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-23 Bo Zhang , Wenfeng Li , Qingyuan Li , Weiji Zhuang , Xiangxiang Chu , Yujun Wang

Few-shot keyword spotting aims to detect previously unseen keywords with very limited labeled samples. A pre-training and adaptation paradigm is typically adopted for this task. While effective in clean conditions, most existing approaches…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junming Yuan , Ying Shi , Dong Wang , Lantian Li , Askar Hamdulla

Noise robustness is a key aspect of successful speech applications. Speech enhancement (SE) has been investigated to improve automatic speech recognition accuracy; however, its effectiveness for keyword spotting (KWS) is still…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-23 Avamarie Brueggeman , Takuya Higuchi , Masood Delfarah , Stephen Shum , Vineet Garg

In this paper, we propose an attention-based end-to-end neural approach for small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS), which aims to simplify the pipelines of building a production-quality KWS system. Our model consists of an encoder and an…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-03-30 Changhao Shan , Junbo Zhang , Yujun Wang , Lei Xie

This paper introduces the system submitted by the DKU-SMIIP team for the Auto-KWS 2021 Challenge. Our implementation consists of a two-stage keyword spotting system based on query-by-example spoken term detection and a speaker verification…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Yechen Wang , Yan Jia , Murong Ma , Zexin Cai , Ming Li

Robustness against noise is critical for keyword spotting (KWS) in real-world environments. To improve the robustness, a speech enhancement front-end is involved. Instead of treating the speech enhancement as a separated preprocessing…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Yue Gu , Zhihao Du , Hui Zhang , Xueliang Zhang

Keyword Spotting (KWS) is an essential component in a smart device for alerting the system when a user prompts it with a command. As these devices are typically constrained by computational and energy resources, the KWS model should be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-24 Donghyeon Kim , Kyungdeuk Ko , David K. Han , Hanseok Ko

This paper introduces a novel approach for streaming openvocabulary keyword spotting (KWS) with text-based keyword enrollment. For every input frame, the proposed method finds the optimal alignment ending at the frame using connectionist…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Sichen Jin , Youngmoon Jung , Seungjin Lee , Jaeyoung Roh , Changwoo Han , Hoonyoung Cho

Small footprint embedded devices require keyword spotters (KWS) with small model size and detection latency for enabling voice assistants. Such a keyword is often referred to as \textit{wake word} as it is used to wake up voice assistant…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-16 Christin Jose , Yuriy Mishchenko , Thibaud Senechal , Anish Shah , Alex Escott , Shiv Vitaladevuni

Keyword Spotting (KWS) models on embedded devices should adapt fast to new user-defined words without forgetting previous ones. Embedded devices have limited storage and computational resources, thus, they cannot save samples or update…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Umberto Michieli , Pablo Peso Parada , Mete Ozay

In the paper we present an architecture of a keyword spotting (KWS) system that is based on modern neural networks, yields good performance on various types of speech data and can run very fast. We focus mainly on the last aspect and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Jan Nouza , Petr Cerva , Jindrich Zdansky

A Multilingual Keyword Spotting (KWS) system detects spokenkeywords over multiple locales. Conventional monolingual KWSapproaches do not scale well to multilingual scenarios because ofhigh development/maintenance costs and lack of resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Pai Zhu , Hyun Jin Park , Alex Park , Angelo Scorza Scarpati , Ignacio Lopez Moreno

Keyword spotting (KWS) in historical documents is an important tool for the initial exploration of digitized collections. Nowadays, the most efficient KWS methods are relying on machine learning techniques that require a large amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Sana Khamekhem Jemni , Sourour Ammar , Mohamed Ali Souibgui , Yousri Kessentini , Abbas Cheddad

Keyword Spotting (KWS) systems with small footprint models deployed on edge devices face significant accuracy and robustness challenges due to domain shifts caused by varying noise and recording conditions. To address this, we propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Prakash Dhungana , Sayed Ahmad Salehi
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