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We introduce Dream2Real, a robotics framework which integrates vision-language models (VLMs) trained on 2D data into a 3D object rearrangement pipeline. This is achieved by the robot autonomously constructing a 3D representation of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Ivan Kapelyukh , Yifei Ren , Ignacio Alzugaray , Edward Johns

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms can learn robotic control tasks from visual observations, but they often require a large amount of data, especially when the visual scene is complex and unstructured. In this paper, we explore how the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ameya Pore , Riccardo Muradore , Diego Dall'Alba

Object rearrangement is important for many applications but remains challenging, especially in confined spaces, such as shelves, where objects cannot be accessed from above and they block reachability to each other. Such constraints require…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Rui Wang , Kai Gao , Jingjin Yu , Kostas Bekris

Visual-Semantic Embedding (VSE) aims to learn an embedding space where related visual and semantic instances are close to each other. Recent VSE models tend to design complex structures to pool visual and semantic features into fixed-length…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Zijian Zhang , Chang Shu , Ya Xiao , Yuan Shen , Di Zhu , Jing Xiao , Youxin Chen , Jey Han Lau , Qian Zhang , Zheng Lu

Learning abstractions directly from data is a core challenge in robotics. Humans naturally operate at an abstract level, reasoning over high-level subgoals while delegating execution to low-level motor skills -- an ability that enables…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Abhiroop Ajith , Constantinos Chamzas

Passive visual systems typically fail to recognize objects in the amodal setting where they are heavily occluded. In contrast, humans and other embodied agents have the ability to move in the environment, and actively control the viewing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Jianwei Yang , Zhile Ren , Mingze Xu , Xinlei Chen , David Crandall , Devi Parikh , Dhruv Batra

Effectively rearranging heterogeneous objects constitutes a high-utility skill that an intelligent robot should master. Whereas significant work has been devoted to the grasp synthesis of heterogeneous objects, little attention has been…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Kai Gao , Justin Yu , Tanay Sandeep Punjabi , Jingjin Yu

For planning rearrangements of objects in a clutter, it is required to know the goal configuration of the objects. However, in real life scenarios, this information is not available most of the time. We introduce a novel method that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Abdul Rahman Dabbour , Esra Erdem , Volkan Patoglu

This paper considers the problem of rearrangement planning, i.e finding a sequence of manipulation actions that displace multiple objects from an initial configuration to a given goal configuration. Rearrangement is a critical skill for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Changkyu Song , Abdeslam Boularias

Robot manipulation in cluttered environments often requires complex and sequential rearrangement of multiple objects in order to achieve the desired reconfiguration of the target objects. Due to the sophisticated physical interactions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Kejia Ren , Lydia E. Kavraki , Kaiyu Hang

Object rearrangement is a widely-applicable and challenging task for robots. Geometric constraints must be carefully examined to avoid collisions and combinatorial issues arise as the number of objects increases. This work studies the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Rui Wang , Kai Gao , Daniel Nakhimovich , Jingjin Yu , Kostas E. Bekris

Humans universally dislike the task of cleaning up a messy room. If machines were to help us with this task, they must understand human criteria for regular arrangements, such as several types of symmetry, co-linearity or co-circularity,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Qiuhong Anna Wei , Sijie Ding , Jeong Joon Park , Rahul Sajnani , Adrien Poulenard , Srinath Sridhar , Leonidas Guibas

We study the problem of robotic stacking with objects of complex geometry. We propose a challenging and diverse set of such objects that was carefully designed to require strategies beyond a simple "pick-and-place" solution. Our method is a…

Building deep reinforcement learning agents that can generalize and adapt to unseen environments remains a fundamental challenge for AI. This paper describes progresses on this challenge in the context of man-made environments, which are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-01 Yi Wu , Yuxin Wu , Aviv Tamar , Stuart Russell , Georgia Gkioxari , Yuandong Tian

The compositional structure of language enables humans to decompose complex phrases and map them to novel visual concepts, showcasing flexible intelligence. While several algorithms exhibit compositionality, they fail to elucidate how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Zijun Lin , M Ganesh Kumar , Cheston Tan

Vision--language models reliably name objects in a scene, but do they represent the 3D layout those objects inhabit? We introduce a 3,034-sample human-curated benchmark targeting three components of spatial understanding: depth-ordered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Animesh Maheshwari , Divyansh Sahu , Nishit Verma

A metric-accurate semantic 3D representation is essential for many robotic tasks. This work proposes a simple, yet powerful, way to integrate the 2D embeddings of a Vision-Language Model in a metric-accurate 3D representation at real-time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Christian Rauch , Björn Ellensohn , Linus Nwankwo , Vedant Dave , Elmar Rueckert

Retrieving target objects from unknown, confined spaces remains a challenging task that requires integrated, task-driven active sensing and rearrangement planning. Previous approaches have independently addressed active sensing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Junyong Kim , Hanwen Ren , Ahmed H. Qureshi

Accurately recognizing a revisited place is crucial for embodied agents to localize and navigate. This requires visual representations to be distinct, despite strong variations in camera viewpoint and scene appearance. Existing visual place…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Kartik Garg , Sai Shubodh Puligilla , Shishir Kolathaya , Madhava Krishna , Sourav Garg

When an object detector is deployed in a novel setting it often experiences a drop in performance. This paper studies how an embodied agent can automatically fine-tune a pre-existing object detector while exploring and acquiring images in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Gianluca Scarpellini , Stefano Rosa , Pietro Morerio , Lorenzo Natale , Alessio Del Bue