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A future galactic SN can be located several hours before the optical explosion through the MeV-neutrino burst, exploiting the directionality of $\nu$-$e$-scattering in a water Cherenkov detector such as Super-Kamiokande. We study the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Tomas , D. Semikoz , G. G. Raffelt , M. Kachelriess , A. S. Dighe

The atmospheric neutrino background for proton decay to positron and neutral pion in ring imaging water Cherenkov detectors is studied with an artificial accelerator neutrino beam for the first time. In total, about 314,000 neutrino events…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2008-11-26 K2K Collaboration , S. Mine

We propose the Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) detector as a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector. It will serve as a far detector of a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment envisioned for the upgraded J-PARC, and as a…

Background showers triggered by hadrons represent over 99.9% of all particles arriving at ground-based gamma-ray observatories. An important stage in the data analysis of these observatories, therefore, is the removal of hadron-triggered…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-21 T. Capistrán , K. L. Fan , J. T. Linnemann , I. Torres , P. M. Saz Parkinson , P. L. H. Yu

KM3NeT has recently reported the detection of a very high-energy neutrino event, while IceCube has previously set upper limits on the differential neutrino flux above 100 PeV but has yet to observe a neutrino event with an energy comparable…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-17 Maxwell Nakos , Aske Rosted , Lu Lu

In this article, the potential of water Cherenkov detectors equipped with multi-PMT modules for background-free upward-going neutrino detection and improved direction reconstruction is demonstrated. By analyzing signal time traces with…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-08-08 J. Alvarez-Muñiz , R. Colalillo , R. Conceição , B. S. González , V. M. Grieco , F. Guarino , M. Pimenta , B. Tomé , M. Waqas

Many of the yet unanswered questions in neutrino physics, such as CP violation in the lepton sector or neutrino mass hierarchy, could be answered with higher sensitivity neutrino experiments. New photodetectors based on micro-channel plates…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-10-11 Ioana Anghel

Radiogenic neutrons emitted by detector materials are one of the most challenging backgrounds for the direct search of dark matter in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). To mitigate this background, the XENONnT…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-10 XENON Collaboration , E. Aprile , J. Aalbers , K. Abe , S. Ahmed Maouloud , L. Althueser , B. Andrieu , E. Angelino , D. Antón Martin , F. Arneodo , L. Baudis , M. Bazyk , L. Bellagamba , R. Biondi , A. Bismark , K. Boese , A. Brown , G. Bruno , R. Budnik , C. Cai , C. Capelli , J. M. R. Cardoso , A. P. Cimental Chávez , A. P. Colijn , J. Conrad , J. J. Cuenca-García , V. D'Andrea , L. C. Daniel Garcia , M. P. Decowski , A. Deisting , C. Di Donato , P. Di Gangi , S. Diglio , K. Eitel , S. el Morabit , A. Elykov , A. D. Ferella , C. Ferrari , H. Fischer , T. Flehmke , M. Flierman , W. Fulgione , C. Fuselli , P. Gaemers , R. Gaior , M. Galloway , F. Gao , S. Ghosh , R. Giacomobono , R. Glade-Beucke , L. Grandi , J. Grigat , H. Guan , M. Guida , P. Gyorgy , R. Hammann , A. Higuera , C. Hils , L. Hoetzsch , N. F. Hood , M. Iacovacci , Y. Itow , J. Jakob , F. Joerg , Y. Kaminaga , M. Kara , P. Kavrigin , S. Kazama , M. Kobayashi , D. Koke , A. Kopec , H. Landsman , R. F. Lang , L. Levinson , I. Li , S. Li , S. Liang , Y. -T. Lin , S. Lindemann , M. Lindner , K. Liu , M. Liu , J. Loizeau , F. Lombardi , J. Long , J. A. M. Lopes , T. Luce , Y. Ma , C. Macolino , J. Mahlstedt , A. Mancuso , L. Manenti , F. Marignetti , T. Marrodán Undagoitia , K. Martens , J. Masbou , E. Masson , S. Mastroianni , A. Melchiorre , J. Merz , M. Messina , A. Michael , K. Miuchi , A. Molinario , S. Moriyama , K. Morá , Y. Mosbacher , M. Murra , J. Müller , K. Ni , U. Oberlack , B. Paetsch , Y. Pan , Q. Pellegrini , R. Peres , C. Peters , J. Pienaar , M. Pierre , G. Plante , T. R. Pollmann , L. Principe , J. Qi , J. Qin , D. Ramírez García , M. Rajado , R. Singh , L. Sanchez , J. M. F. dos Santos , I. Sarnoff , G. Sartorelli , J. Schreiner , P. Schulte , H. Schulze Eißing , M. Schumann , L. Scotto Lavina , M. Selvi , F. Semeria , P. Shagin , S. Shi , J. Shi , M. Silva , H. Simgen , C. Szyszka , A. Takeda , Y. Takeuchi , P. -L. Tan , D. Thers , F. Toschi , G. Trinchero , C. D. Tunnell , F. Tönnies , K. Valerius , S. Vecchi , S. Vetter , F. I. Villazon Solar , G. Volta , C. Weinheimer , M. Weiss , D. Wenz , C. Wittweg , V. H. S. Wu , Y. Xing , D. Xu , Z. Xu , M. Yamashita , L. Yang , J. Ye , L. Yuan , G. Zavattini , M. Zhong

The feasibility of a next generation underground water Cherenkov detector is examined and a conceptual design (UNO) is presented. The design has a linear detector configuration with a total volume of 650 kton which is 13 times the total…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-10-31 Chang Kee Jung

The next Galactic core-collapse supernova (SN) should yield a large number of observed neutrinos. Using Bayesian techniques, we show that with an SN at a known distance up to 25 kpc, the neutrino events in a water Cherenkov detector similar…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-05-11 Jackson Olsen , Yong-Zhong Qian

For reactor neutrino experiments including the next--generation experiments will be adopting the liquid scintillator technique, criteria and time to select neutrino--induced inverse beta decay events from the background events need to be…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-07-15 Chang Dong Shin , Kyung Kwang Joo , Dong Ho Moon , June Ho Choi , Myoung Youl Pac , Junghwan Goh

We report the first search result for the flux of astrophysical electron antineutrinos for energies O(10) MeV in the gadolinium-loaded Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector. In June 2020, gadolinium was introduced to the ultra-pure water of the SK…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-02 M. Harada , K. Abe , C. Bronner , Y. Hayato , K. Hiraide , K. Hosokawa , K. Ieki , M. Ikeda , J. Kameda , Y. Kanemura , R. Kaneshima , Y. Kashiwagi , Y. Kataoka , S. Miki , S. Mine , M. Miura , S. Moriyama , Y. Nakano , M. Nakahata , S. Nakayama , Y. Noguchi , K. Okamoto , K. Sato , H. Sekiya , H. Shiba , K. Shimizu , M. Shiozawa , Y. Sonoda , Y. Suzuki , A. Takeda , Y. Takemoto , A. Takenaka , H. Tanaka , S. Watanabe , T. Yano , S. Han , T. Kajita , K. Okumura , T. Tashiro , T. Tomiya , X. Wang , S. Yoshida , G. D. Megias , P. Fernandez , L. Labarga , N. Ospina , B. Zaldivar , B. W. Pointon , E. Kearns , J. L. Raaf , L. Wan , T. Wester , J. Bian , N. J. Griskevich , S. Locke , M. B. Smy , H. W. Sobel , V. Takhistov , A. Yankelevich , J. Hill , S. H. Lee , D. H. Moon , R. G. Park , B. Bodur , K. Scholberg , C. W. Walter , A. Beauchene , O. Drapier , A. Giampaolo , Th. A. Mueller , A. D. Santos , P. Paganini , B. Quilain , T. Ishizuka , T. Nakamura , J. S. Jang , J. G. Learned , K. Choi , N. Iovine , S. Cao , L. H. V. Anthony , D. Martin , M. Scott , A. A. Sztuc , Y. Uchida , V. Berardi , M. G. Catanesi , E. Radicioni , N. F. Calabria , A. Langella , L. N. Machado , G. De Rosa , G. Collazuol , F. Iacob , M. Lamoureux , M. Mattiazzi , L. Ludovici , M. Gonin , G. Pronost , C. Fujisawa , Y. Maekawa , Y. Nishimura , R. Okazaki , R. Akutsu , M. Friend , T. Hasegawa , T. Ishida , T. Kobayashi , M. Jakkapu , T. Matsubara , T. Nakadaira , K. Nakamura , Y. Oyama , K. Sakashita , T. Sekiguchi , T. Tsukamoto , N. Bhuiyan , G. T. Burton , F. Di Lodovico , J. Gao , A. Goldsack , T. Katori , J. Migenda , Z. Xie , S. Zsoldos , Y. Kotsar , H. Ozaki , A. T. Suzuki , Y. Takagi , Y. Takeuchi , J. Feng , L. Feng , J. R. Hu , Z. Hu , T. Kikawa , M. Mori , T. Nakaya , R. A. Wendell , K. Yasutome , S. J. Jenkins , N. McCauley , P. Mehta , A. Tarrant , Y. Fukuda , Y. Itow , H. Menjo , K. Ninomiya , J. Lagoda , S. M. Lakshmi , M. Mandal , P. Mijakowski , Y. S. Prabhu , J. Zalipska , M. Jia , J. Jiang , C. K. Jung , M. J. Wilking , C. Yanagisawa , Y. Hino , H. Ishino , H. Kitagawa , Y. Koshio , F. Nakanishi , S. Sakai , T. Tada , T. Tano , G. Barr , D. Barrow , L. Cook , S. Samani , D. Wark , A. Holin , F. Nova , B. S. Yang , J. Y. Yang , J. Yoo , J. E. P. Fannon , L. Kneale , M. Malek , J. M. McElwee , M. D. Thiesse , L. F. Thompson , S. T. Wilson , H. Okazawa , S. B. Kim , E. Kwon , J. W. Seo , I. Yu , A. K. Ichikawa , K. D. Nakamura , S. Tairafune , K. Nishijima , K. Nakagiri , Y. Nakajima , S. Shima , N. Taniuchi , E. Watanabe , M. Yokoyama , P. de Perio , K. Martens , K. M. Tsui , M. R. Vagins , J. Xia , M. Kuze , S. Izumiyama , R. Matsumoto , M. Ishitsuka , H. Ito , T. Kinoshita , Y. Ommura , N. Shigeta , M. Shinoki , T. Suganuma , K. Yamauchi , J. F. Martin , H. A. Tanaka , T. Towstego , R. Gaur , V. Gousy-Leblanc , M. Hartz , A. Konaka , X. Li , N. W. Prouse , S. Chen , B. D. Xu , B. Zhang , M. Posiadala-Zezula , S. B. Boyd , R. Edwards , D. Hadley , M. Nicholson , M. O Flaherty , B. Richards , A. Ali , B. Jamieson , Ll. Marti , A. Minamino , G. Pintaudi , S. Sano , S. Suzuki , K. Wada

Cosmic-ray muons that enter the Super-Kamiokande detector cause hadronic showers due to spallation in water, producing neutrons and radioactive isotopes. Those are a major background source for studies of MeV-scale neutrinos and searches…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-10-26 Kamiokande Collaboration , M. Shinoki , K. Abe , Y. Hayato , K. Hiraide , K. Hosokawa , K. Ieki , M. Ikeda , J. Kameda , Y. Kanemura , R. Kaneshima , Y. Kashiwagi , Y. Kataoka , S. Miki , S. Mine , M. Miura , S. Moriyama , Y. Nakano , M. Nakahata , S. Nakayama , Y. Noguchi , K. Okamoto , K. Sato , H. Sekiya , H. Shiba , K. Shimizu , M. Shiozawa , Y. Sonoda , Y. Suzuki , A. Takeda , Y. Takemoto , A. Takenaka , H. Tanaka , S. Watanabe , T. Yano , S. Han , T. Kajita , K. Okumura , T. Tashiro , T. Tomiya , X. Wang , S. Yoshida , G. D. Megias , P. Fernandez , L. Labarga , N. Ospina , B. Zaldivar , B. W. Pointon , E. Kearns , J. L. Raaf , L. Wan , T. Wester , J. Bian , N. J. Griskevich , W. R. Kropp , S. Locke , M. B. Smy , H. W. Sobel , V. Takhistov , A. Yankelevich , J. Hill , S. H. Lee , D. H. Moon , R. G. Park , B. Bodur , K. Scholberg , C. W. Walter , A. Beauchêne , L. Bernard , A. Coffani , O. Drapier , S. El Hedri , A. Giampaolo , Th. A. Mueller , A. D. Santos , P. Paganini , B. Quilain , T. Ishizuka , T. Nakamura , J. S. Jang , J. G. Learned , K. Choi , S. Cao , L. H. V. Anthony , D. Martin , M. Scott , A. A. Sztuc , Y. Uchida , V. Berardi , M. G. Catanesi , E. Radicioni , N. F. Calabria , A. Langella , L. N. Machado , G. De Rosa , G. Collazuol , F. Iacob , M. Lamoureux , M. Mattiazzi , L. Ludovici , M. Gonin , G. Pronost , C. Fujisawa , Y. Maekawa , Y. Nishimura , R. Akutsu , M. Friend , T. Hasegawa , T. Ishida , T. Kobayashi , M. Jakkapu , T. Matsubara , T. Nakadaira , K. Nakamura , Y. Oyama , K. Sakashita , T. Sekiguchi , T. Tsukamoto , N. Bhuiyan , T. Boschi , G. T. Burton , F. Di Lodovico , J. Gao , A. Goldsack , T. Katori , J. Migenda , M. Taani , Z. Xie , S. Zsoldos , Y. Kotsar , H. Ozaki , A. T. Suzuki , Y. Takeuchi , C. Bronner , J. Feng , T. Kikawa , M. Mori , T. Nakaya , R. A. Wendell , K. Yasutome , S. J. Jenkins , N. McCauley , P. Mehta , A. Tarrant , K. M. Tsui , Y. Fukuda , Y. Itow , H. Menjo , K. Ninomiya , J. Lagoda , S. M. Lakshmi , M. Mandal , P. Mijakowski , Y. S. Prabhu , J. Zalipska , M. Jia , J. Jiang , C. K. Jung , M. J. Wilking , C. Yanagisawa , M. Harada , H. Ishino , S. Ito , H. Kitagawa , Y. Koshio , F. Nakanishi , S. Sakai , G. Barr , D. Barrow , L. Cook , S. Samani , D. Wark , A. Holin , F. Nova , J. Y. Yang , B. S. Yang , J. Yoo , J. E. P. Fannon , L. Kneale , M. Malek , J. M. McElwee , O. Stone , M. D. Thiesse , L. F. Thompson , H. Okazawa , S. B. Kim , E. Kwon , J. W. Seo , I. Yu , A. K. Ichikawa , K. D. Nakamura , S. Tairafune , K. Nishijima , M. Koshiba , K. Iwamoto , K. Nakagiri , Y. Nakajima , S. Shima , N. Taniuchi , M. Yokoyama , K. Martens , P. de Perio , M. R. Vagins , J. Xia , M. Kuze , S. Izumiyama , M. Inomoto , M. Ishitsuka , H. Ito , T. Kinoshita , R. Matsumoto , Y. Ommura , N. Shigeta , T. Suganuma , K. Yamauchi , J. F. Martin , H. A. Tanaka , T. Towstego , R. Gaur , V. Gousy-Leblanc , M. Hartz , A. Konaka , X. Li , N. W. Prouse , S. Chen , B. D. Xu , B. Zhang , M. Posiadala-Zezula , S. B. Boyd , D. Hadley , M. Nicholson , M. O'Flaherty , B. Richards , A. Ali , B. Jamieson , Ll. Marti , A. Minamino , G. Pintaudi , S. Sano , S. Suzuki , K. Wada

Deep neural networks are a powerful technique that have found ample applications in several branches of Physics. In this work, we apply machine learning algorithms to a specific problem of Cosmic Ray Physics: the estimation of the muon…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 A. Guillen , A. Bueno , J. M. Carceller , J. C. Martinez-Velazquez , G. Rubio , C. J. Todero Peixoto , P. Sanchez-Lucas

Hyper-Kamiokande has been proposed as a next generation neutrino oscillation experiment capable of observing accelerator, atmospheric, solar and astrophysical neutrinos, as well as possible proton decays, providing a rich scientific…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-04-28 Debra Dewhurst

Cosmic-ray muons and especially their secondaries break apart nuclei ("spallation") and produce fast neutrons and beta-decay isotopes, which are backgrounds for low-energy experiments. In Super-Kamiokande, these beta decays are the dominant…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-12-02 Shirley Weishi Li , John F. Beacom

We explore the potential of measuring the solar neutrino oscillation parameters in the proposed gadolinium loaded Super-Kamiokande (SK-Gd) detector. Gadolinium dissolved in water can detect neutrons much more efficiently than pure water.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-05 Sandhya Choubey , S. T. Petcov

We report the development of a proton identification method for the Super-Kamiokande detector. This new tool is applied to the search for events with a single proton track, a high purity neutral current sample of interest for sterile…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-07-09 Kamiokande Collaboration

The KM3NeT research infrastructure is currently under construction at two locations in the Mediterranean Sea. The KM3NeT/ORCA water-Cherenkov neutrino detector off the French coast will instrument several megatons of seawater with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-13 Sebastiano Aiello , Arnauld Albert , Sergio Alves Garre , Zineb Aly , Fabrizio Ameli , Michel Andre , Giorgos Androulakis , Marco Anghinolfi , Mancia Anguita , Gisela Anton , Miquel Ardid , Julien Aublin , Christos Bagatelas , Giancarlo Barbarino , Bruny Baret , Suzan Basegmez du Pree , Meriem Bendahman , Edward Berbee , Vincent Bertin , Simone Biagi , Andrea Biagioni , Matthias Bissinger , Markus Boettcher , Jihad Boumaaza , Mohammed Bouta , Mieke Bouwhuis , Cristiano Bozza , Horea Branzas , Ronald Bruijn , Jürgen Brunner , Ernst-Jan Buis , Raffaele Buompane , Jose Busto , Barbara Caiffi , David Calvo , Antonio Capone , Víctor Carretero , Paolo Castaldi , Silvia Celli , Mohamed Chabab , Nhan Chau , Andrew Chen , Silvio Cherubini , Vitaliano Chiarella , Tommaso Chiarusi , Marco Circella , Rosanna Cocimano , Joao Coelho , Alexis Coleiro , Marta Colomer Molla , Rosa Coniglione , Paschal Coyle , Alexandre Creusot , Giacomo Cuttone , Antonio D'Onofrio , Richard Dallier , Maarten de Jong , Paul de Jong , Mauro De Palma , Gwenhaël de Wasseige , Els de Wolf , Irene Di Palma , Antonio Diaz , Dídac Diego-Tortosa , Carla Distefano , Alba Domi , Roberto Donà , Corinne Donzaud , Damien Dornic , Manuel Dörr , Doriane Drouhin , Thomas Eberl , Imad El Bojaddaini , Dominik Elsaesser , Alexander Enzenhöfer , Paolo Fermani , Giovanna Ferrara , Miroslav Filipovic , Francesco Filippini , Luigi Antonio Fusco , Omar Gabella , Tamas Gal , Alfonso Andres Garcia Soto , Fabio Garufi , Yoann Gatelet , Nicole Geißelbrecht , Lucio Gialanella , Emidio Giorgio , Sara Rebecca Gozzini , Rodrigo Gracia , Kay Graf , Dario Grasso , Giuseppe Grella , Carlo Guidi , Steffen Hallmann , Hassane Hamdaoui , Aart Heijboer , Amar Hekalo , Juan-Jose Hernandez-Rey , Jannik Hofestädt , Feifei Huang , Walid Idrissi Ibnsalih , Giulia Illuminati , Clancy James , Bouke Jisse Jung , Matthias Kadler , Piotr Kalaczyński , Oleg Kalekin , Uli Katz , Nafis Rezwan Khan Chowdhury , Giorgi Kistauri , Els Koffeman , Paul Kooijman , Antoine Kouchner , Michael Kreter , Vladimir Kulikovskiy , Robert Lahmann , Giuseppina Larosa , Remy Le Breton , Ornella Leonardi , Francesco Leone , Emanuele Leonora , Giuseppe Levi , Massimiliano Lincetto , Miles Lindsey Clark , Thomas Lipreau , Alessandro Lonardo , Fabio Longhitano , Daniel Lopez Coto , Lukas Maderer , Jerzy Mańczak , Karl Mannheim , Annarita Margiotta , Antonio Marinelli , Christos Markou , Lilian Martin , Juan Antonio Martínez-Mora , Agnese Martini , Fabio Marzaioli , Stefano Mastroianni , Safaa Mazzou , Karel Melis , Gennaro Miele , Pasquale Migliozzi , Emilio Migneco , Piotr Mijakowski , Luis Salvador Miranda Palacios , Carlos Maximiliano Mollo , Mauro Morganti , Michael Moser , Abdelilah Moussa , Rasa Muller , Mario Musumeci , Lodewijk Nauta , Sergio Navas , Carlo Alessandro Nicolau , Brían Ó Fearraigh , Mukharbek Organokov , Angelo Orlando , Gogita Papalashvili , Riccardo Papaleo , Cosimo Pastore , Alice Paun , Gabriela Emilia Pavalas , Carmelo Pellegrino , Mathieu Perrin-Terrin , Paolo Piattelli , Camiel Pieterse , Konstantinos Pikounis , Ofelia Pisanti , Chiara Poirè , Vlad Popa , Maarten Post , Thierry Pradier , Gerd Pühlhofer , Sara Pulvirenti , Omphile Rabyang , Fabrizio Raffaelli , Nunzio Randazzo , Antonio Rapicavoli , Soebur Razzaque , Diego Real , Stefan Reck , Giorgio Riccobene , Marc Richer , Stephane Rivoire , Alberto Rovelli , Francisco Salesa Greus , Dorothea Franziska Elisabeth Samtleben , Agustín Sánchez Losa , Matteo Sanguineti , Andrea Santangelo , Domenico Santonocito , Piera Sapienza , Jutta Schnabel , Jordan Seneca , Irene Sgura , Rezo Shanidze , Ankur Sharma , Francesco Simeone , Anna Sinopoulou , Bernardino Spisso , Maurizio Spurio , Dimitris Stavropoulos , Jos Steijger , Simona Maria Stellacci , Mauro Taiuti , Yahya Tayalati , Enrique Tenllado , Tarak Thakore , Steven Tingay , Ekaterini Tzamariudaki , Dimitrios Tzanetatos , Ad van den Berg , Frits van der Knaap , Daan van Eijk , Véronique Van Elewyck , Hans van Haren , Godefroy Vannoye , George Vasileiadis , Federico Versari , Salvatore Viola , Daniele Vivolo , Joern Wilms , Rafał Wojaczyński , Dmitry Zaborov , Sandra Zavatarelli , Angela Zegarelli , Daniele Zito , Juan-de-Dios Zornoza , Juan Zúñiga , Natalia Zywucka

Imaging Cherenkov detectors are largely used in modern nuclear and particle physics experiments where cutting-edge solutions are needed to face always more growing computing demands. This is a fertile ground for AI-based approaches and at…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-11 Cristiano Fanelli