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Super-Kamiokande [SK] was upgraded through the addition of gadolinium sulfate to its ultrapure water, initiating the SK-Gd program. This development enables efficient neutron tagging via the large capture cross section of gadolinium,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-31 Yusuke Koshio , Masayuki Nakahata , Hiroyuki Sekiya , Mark R. Vagins

Large-volume neutrino experiments are ideal for testing boosted dark matter (BDM) scenarios. We propose, for the first time, an approach to utilize knockout neutrons by detecting de-excitation $\gamma$ rays and coincident captured neutrons…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-10 Koun Choi , Jong-Chul Park

Fission events from Special Nuclear Material (SNM), such as highly enriched uranium or plutonium, can produce simultaneous emission of multiple neutrons and high energy gamma-rays. The observation of time correlations between any of these…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2011-05-12 M. Sweany , A. Bernstein , N. S. Bowden , S. Dazeley , G. Keefer , R. Svoboda , M. Tripathi

The muon tagging is an essential tool to distinguish between gamma and hadron-induced showers in wide field-of-view gamma-ray observatories. In this work, it is shown that an efficient muon tagging (and counting) can be achieved using a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-07-14 R. Conceição , B. S. González , A. Guillén , M. Pimenta , B. Tomé

The application of machine learning techniques to the reconstruction of lepton energies in water Cherenkov detectors is discussed and illustrated for TITUS, a proposed intermediate detector for the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment. It is found…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-04-16 E. Drakopoulou , G. A. Cowan , M. D. Needham , S. Playfer , M. Taani

Neutron tagging in Gadolinium-doped water may play a significant role in reducing backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos in next generation proton-decay searches using megaton-scale Water Cherenkov detectors. Similar techniques might also…

A reconstruction algorithm has been developed to capitalize on advances in Cherenkov technology for reactor antineutrino detection. Large gadolinium-doped water (Gd-H$_2$O) Cherenkov detectors are a developing technology which use Gd…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-06-16 Liz Kneale , Michael Smy , Matthew Malek

The Hyper-Kamiokande (HK) experiment centres around a proposed next-generation underground water Cherenkov detector that will be nearly 20 times larger than the highly successful Super-Kamiokande experiment and use significantly improved…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 Jost Migenda

We investigate the precision with which the supernova neutrino spectra can be reconstructed in water Cherenkov detectors, in particular the large scale Hyper-Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande. To this aim, we consider quasi-thermal neutrino…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-04-25 Andrea Gallo Rosso , Francesco Vissani , Maria Cristina Volpe

Super-Kamiokande is the world's largest water Cherenkov experiment with its 50-kton tank of ultrapure water, recently doped with gadolinium to enhance neutron capture identification. It is a highly versatile, multi-purpose experiment in the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2024-05-14 Andrew D. Santos

Neutron tagging in Gadolinium-doped water may play a significant role in reducing backgrounds from atmospheric neutrinos in next generation proton-decay searches using megaton-scale Water Cherenkov detectors. Similar techniques might also…

Super-Kamiokande's spallation backgrounds - the delayed beta decays of nuclides following cosmic-ray muons - are nearly all produced by the small fraction of muons with hadronic showers. We show that these hadronic showers also produce…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-01-13 Obada Nairat , John F. Beacom , Shirley Weishi Li

This research investigates the separation of Cherenkov and Scintillation light signals within a simulated Water-based Liquid Scintillator (WbLS) detector, utilizing the XGBoost machine learning algorithm. The simulation data were gathered…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-12-17 Ayse Bat

Since the Super-Kamiokande (SK) neutrino experiment in Japan added gadolinium sulphate octahydrate (Gd) to the pure water in its detector, it has entered a new era in supernova neutrino detection. The addition of Gd makes it possible to tag…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-02 L. Kneale

Antineutrinos are an unavoidable byproduct of the fission process. The kiloton-scale KamLAND experiment has demonstrated the capability to detect reactor antineutrinos at few-hundred-km range. But to detect or rule out the existence of a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-08-18 Viacheslav A. Li , Steven A. Dazeley , Marc Bergevin , Adam Bernstein

Hyper-Kamiokande is a proposed next-generation general purpose neutrino detection experiment. It comprises an underground water Cherenkov detector that will be more than 8 times as large as the highly successful Super-Kamiokande and use…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-09-21 Jost Migenda

Radioactivity induced by cosmic muon spallation is a dominant source of backgrounds for $\mathcal{O}(10)~$MeV neutrino interactions in water Cherenkov detectors. In particular, it is crucial to reduce backgrounds to measure the solar…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2021-12-02 Kamiokande Collaboration , S. Locke , A. Coffani , K. Abe , C. Bronner , Y. Hayato , M. Ikeda , S. Imaizumi , H. Ito , J. Kameda , Y. Kataoka , M. Miura , S. Moriyama , Y. Nagao , M. Nakahata , Y. Nakajima , S. Nakayama , T. Okada , K. Okamoto , A. Orii , G. Pronost , H. Sekiya , M. Shiozawa , Y. Sonoda , Y. Suzuki , A. Takeda , Y. Takemoto , A. Takenaka , H. Tanaka , T. Yano , K. Hirade , Y. Kanemura , S. Miki , S. Watabe , S. Han , T. Kajita , K. Okumura , T. Tashiro , J. Xia , X. Wang , G. D. Megias , D. Bravo-Berguño , L. Labarga , Ll. Marti , B. Zaldivar , B. W. Pointon , F. d. M. Blaszczyk , E. Kearns , J. L. Raaf , J. L. Stone , L. Wan , T. Wester , J. Bian , N. J. Griskevich , W. R. Kropp , S. Mine , A. Yankelevic , M. B. Smy , H. W. Sobel , V. Takhistov , J. Hill , J. Y. Kim , I. T. Lim , R. G. Park , B. Bodur , K. Scholberg , C. W. Walter , L. Bernard , O. Drapier , S. El Hedri , A. Giampaolo , M. Gonin , Th. A. Mueller , P. Paganini , B. Quilain , A. D. Santos , T. Ishizuka , T. Nakamura , J. S. Jang , J. G. Learned , L. H. V. Anthony , A. A. Sztuc , Y. Uchida , D. Martin , M. Scott , V. Berardi , M. G. Catanesi , E. Radicioni , N. F. Calabria , L. N. Machado , G. De Rosa , G. Collazuol , F. Iacob , M. Lamoureux , N. Ospina , M. Mattiazzi , L. Ludovici , Y. Nishimura , Y. Maewaka , S. Cao , M. Friend , T. Hasegawa , T. Ishida , T. Kobayashi , M. Jakkapu , T. Matsubara , T. Nakadaira , K. Nakamura , Y. Oyama , K. Sakashita , T. Sekiguchi , T. Tsukamoto , Y. Nakano , T. Shiozawa , A. T. Suzuki , Y. Takeuchi , S. Yamamoto , Y. Kotsar , H. Ozaki , A. Ali , Y. Ashida , J. Feng , S. Hirota , A. K. Ichikawa , T. Kikawa , M. Mori , T. Nakaya , R. A. Wendell , K. Yasutome , P. Fernandez , N. McCauley , P. Mehta , K. M. Tsui , Y. Fukuda , Y. Itow , H. Menjo , T. Niwa , K. Sato , M. Tsukada , P. Mijakowski , J. Lagoda , S. M. Lakshmi , J. Zalipska , C. K. Jung , C. Vilela , M. J. Wilking , C. Yanagisawa , J. Jiang , K. Hagiwara , M. Harada , T. Horai , H. Ishino , S. Ito , Y. Koshio , W. Ma , N. Piplani , S. Sakai , H. Kitagawa , G. Barr , D. Barrow , L. Cook , A. Goldsack , S. Samani , D. Wark , F. Nova , T. Boschi , F. Di Lodovico , M. Taani , S. Zsoldos , J. Gao , J. Migenda , J. Y. Yang , S. J. Jenkins , M. Malek , J. M. McElwee , O. Stone , M. D. Thiesse , L. F. Thompson , H. Okazawa , K. Nakamura , S. B. Kim , I. Yu , J. W. Seo , K. Nishijima , M. Koshiba , K. Iwamoto , N. Ogawa , M. Yokoyama , K. Martens , M. R. Vagins , K. Nakagiri , M. Kuze , S. Izumiyama , T. Yoshida , M. Inomoto , M. Ishitsuka , R. Matsumoto , K. Ohta , M. Shinoki , T. Suganuma , T. Kinoshita , J. F. Martin , H. A. Tanaka , T. Towstego , R. Akutsu , M. Hartz , A. Konaka , P. de Perio , N. W. Prouse , S. Chen , B. D. Xu , Y. Zhang , M. Posiadala-Zezula , B. Richards , B. Jamieson , J. Walker , A. Minamino , K. Okamoto , G. Pintaudi , R. Sasaki

A next generation water Cherenkov detector Hyper-Kamiokande to be built in Japan is described. The main goals of this project include a sensitive measurement of CP violation in neutrino oscillations, a search for proton decay and study of…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-08-26 Yury Kudenko

On the strength of a double Nobel prize winning experiment (Super)Kamiokande and an extremely successful long baseline neutrino programme, the third generation Water Cherenkov detector, Hyper-Kamiokande, is being developed by an…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-11-30 Hyper-Kamiokande Proto-Collaboration , : , K. Abe , Ke. Abe , H. Aihara , A. Aimi , R. Akutsu , C. Andreopoulos , I. Anghel , L. H. V. Anthony , M. Antonova , Y. Ashida , V. Aushev , M. Barbi , G. J. Barker , G. Barr , P. Beltrame , V. Berardi , M. Bergevin , S. Berkman , L. Berns , T. Berry , S. Bhadra , D. Bravo-Berguño , F. d. M. Blaszczyk , A. Blondel , S. Bolognesi , S. B. Boyd , A. Bravar , C. Bronner , M. Buizza Avanzini , F. S. Cafagna , A. Cole , R. Calland , S. Cao , S. L. Cartwright , M. G. Catanesi , C. Checchia , Z. Chen-Wishart , J. H. Choi , K. Choi , J. Coleman , G. Collazuol , G. Cowan , L. Cremonesi , T. Dealtry , G. De Rosa , C. Densham , D. Dewhurst , E. L. Drakopoulou , F. Di Lodovico , O. Drapier , J. Dumarchez , P. Dunne , M. Dziewiecki , S. Emery , A. Esmaili , A. Evangelisti , E. Fernandez-Martinez , T. Feusels , A. Finch , A. Fiorentini , G. Fiorillo , M. Fitton , K. Frankiewicz , M. Friend , Y. Fujii , Y. Fukuda , D. Fukuda , K. Ganezer , C. Giganti , M. Gonin , N. Grant , P. Gumplinger , D. R. Hadley , B. Hartfiel , M. Hartz , Y. Hayato , K. Hayrapetyan , J. Hill , S. Hirota , S. Horiuchi , A. K. Ichikawa , T. Iijima , M. Ikeda , J. Imber , K. Inoue , J. Insler , R. A. Intonti , A. Ioannisian , T. Ishida , H. Ishino , M. Ishitsuka , Y. Itow , K. Iwamoto , A. Izmaylov , B. Jamieson , H. I. Jang , J. S. Jang , S. H. Jeon , M. Jiang , P. Jonsson , K. K. Joo , A. Kaboth , C. Kachulis , T. Kajita , J. Kameda , Y. Kataoka , T. Katori , K. Kayrapetyan , E. Kearns , M. Khabibullin , A. Khotjantsev , J. H. Kim , J. Y. Kim , S. B. Kim , S. Y. Kim , S. King , Y. Kishimoto , T. Kobayashi , M. Koga , A. Konaka , L. L. Kormos , Y. Koshio , A. Korzenev , K. L. Kowalik , W. R. Kropp , Y. Kudenko , R. Kurjata , T. Kutter , M. Kuze , L. Labarga , J. Lagoda , P. J. J. Lasorak , M. Laveder , M. Lawe , J. G. Learned , I. T. Lim , T. Lindner , R. P. Litchfield , A. Longhin , P. Loverre , T. Lou , L. Ludovici , W. Ma , L. Magaletti , K. Mahn , M. Malek , L. Maret , C. Mariani , K. Martens , Ll. Marti , J. F. Martin , J. Marzec , S. Matsuno , E. Mazzucato , M. McCarthy , N. McCauley , K. S. McFarland , C. McGrew , A. Mefodiev , P. Mermod , C. Metelko , M. Mezzetto , J. Migenda , P. Mijakowski , H. Minakata , A. Minamino , S. Mine , O. Mineev , A. Mitra , M. Miura , T. Mochizuki , J. Monroe , D. H. Moon , S. Moriyama , T. Mueller , F. Muheim , K. Murase , F. Muto , M. Nakahata , Y. Nakajima , K. Nakamura , T. Nakaya , S. Nakayama , C. Nantais , M. Needham , T. Nicholls , Y. Nishimura , E. Noah , F. Nova , J. Nowak , H. Nunokawa , Y. Obayashi , H. M. O'Keeffe , Y. Okajima , K. Okumura , Yu. Onishchuk , E. O'Sullivan , L. O'Sullivan , T. Ovsiannikova , R. A. Owen , Y. Oyama , M. Y. Pac , V. Palladino , J. L. Palomino , V. Paolone , W. Parker , S. Parsa , D. Payne , J. D. Perkin , C. Pidcott , E. Pinzon Guerra , S. Playfer , B. Popov , M. Posiadala-Zezula , J. M. Poutissou , A. Pritchard , N. W. Prouse , G. Pronost , P. Przewlocki , B. Quilain , E. Radicioni , P. N. Ratoff , F. Retiere , C. Riccio , B. Richards , E. Rondio , H. J. Rose , C. Rott , S. D. Rountree , A. C. Ruggeri , A. Rychter , R. Sacco , M. Sakuda , M. C. Sanchez , E. Scantamburlo , M. Scott , S. M. Sedgwick , Y. Seiya , T. Sekiguchi , H. Sekiya , S. H. Seo , D. Sgalaberna , R. Shah , A. Shaikhiev , I. Shimizu , M. Shiozawa , Y. Shitov , S. Short , C. Simpson , G. Sinnis , M. B. Smy , S. Snow , J. Sobczyk , H. W. Sobel , Y. Sonoda , R. Spina , T. Stewart , J. L. Stone , Y. Suda , Y. Suwa , Y. Suzuki , A. T. Suzuki , R. Svoboda , M. Taani , R. Tacik , A. Takeda , A. Takenaka , A. Taketa , Y. Takeuchi , V. Takhistov , H. A. Tanaka , H. K. M. Tanaka , H. Tanaka , R. Terri , M. Thiesse , L. F. Thompson , M. Thorpe , S. Tobayama , C. Touramanis , T. Towstego , T. Tsukamoto , K. M. Tsui , M. Tzanov , Y. Uchida , M. R. Vagins , G. Vasseur , C. Vilela , R. B. Vogelaar , J. Walding , J. Walker , M. Ward , D. Wark , M. O. Wascko , A. Weber , R. Wendell , R. J. Wilkes , M. J. Wilking , J. R. Wilson , T. Xin , K. Yamamoto , C. Yanagisawa , T. Yano , S. Yen , N. Yershov , D. N. Yeum , M. Yokoyama , T. Yoshida , I. Yu , M. Yu , J. Zalipska , K. Zaremba , M. Ziembicki , M. Zito , S. Zsoldos

We highlight the capacity of current and forthcoming air shower arrays using water-Cherenkov stations to detect neutrino events spanning energies from $10\,$GeV to $100\,$TeV. This detection approach leverages individual stations equipped…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-25 J. Alvarez-Muñiz , R. Conceição , P. J. Costa , B. S. González , M. Pimenta , B. Tomé