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The anti-cancer immune response relies on the bindings between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and antigens, which elicits adaptive immunity to eliminate tumor cells. This ability of the immune system to respond to novel various neoantigens arises…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-11 Xing Fang , Chenpeng Yu , Shiye Tian , Hui Liu

Computational prediction of the interaction of T cell receptors (TCRs) and their ligands is a grand challenge in immunology. Despite advances in high-throughput assays, specificity-labelled TCR data remains sparse. In other domains, the…

T-cells play a key role in adaptive immunity by mounting specific responses against diverse pathogens. An effective binding between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and pathogen-derived peptides presented on Major Histocompatibility Complexes (MHCs)…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-05 Gian Marco Visani , Michael N. Pun , Anastasia A. Minervina , Philip Bradley , Paul Thomas , Armita Nourmohammad

An accurate binding affinity prediction between T-cell receptors and epitopes contributes decisively to develop successful immunotherapy strategies. Some state-of-the-art computational methods implement deep learning techniques by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Etienne Goffinet , Raghvendra Mall , Ankita Singh , Rahul Kaushik , Filippo Castiglione

Predicting clinical outcomes to anti-cancer drugs on a personalized basis is challenging in cancer treatment due to the heterogeneity of tumors. Traditional computational efforts have been made to model the effect of drug response on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Jie Gao , Jing Hu , Wanqing Sun , Yili Shen , Xiaonan Zhang , Xiaomin Fang , Fan Wang , Guodong Zhao

The T cell arm of the adaptive immune system provides the host protection against unknown pathogens by discriminating between host and foreign material. This discriminatory capability is achieved by the creation of a repertoire of cells…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Kevin Ng Chau , Jason T. George , José N. Onuchic , Xingcheng Lin , Herbert Levine

A key challenge in molecular biology is to decipher the mapping of protein sequence to function. To perform this mapping requires the identification of sequence features most informative about function. Here, we quantify the amount of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-19 James Henderson , Yuta Nagano , Martina Milighetti , Andreas Tiffeau-Mayer

Understanding the binding specificity between T-cell receptors (TCRs) and peptide-major histocompatibility complexes (pMHCs) is central to immunotherapy and vaccine development. However, current predictive models struggle with…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-29 Cong Qi , Hanzhang Fang , Siqi jiang , Tianxing Hu , Zhi Wei

T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of peptide-MHC (pMHC) complexes is fundamental to adaptive immunity and central to the development of T cell-based immunotherapies. While transformer-based models have shown promise in predicting TCR-pMHC…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiarui Li , Zixiang Yin , Zhengming Ding , Samuel J. Landry , Ramgopal R. Mettu

T cell receptor (TCR) recognition of peptide-MHC (pMHC) complexes is a central component of adaptive immunity, with implications for vaccine design, cancer immunotherapy, and autoimmune disease. While recent advances in machine learning…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-09 Jiarui Li , Zixiang Yin , Zhengming Ding , Samuel J. Landry , Ramgopal R. Mettu

CD8+ "killer" T cells and CD4+ "helper" T cells play a central role in the adaptive immune system by recognizing antigens presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (pMHC) molecules via T Cell Receptors (TCRs). Modeling binding between T…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Jiarui Li , Zixiang Yin , Haley Smith , Zhengming Ding , Samuel J. Landry , Ramgopal R. Mettu

Identifying T-cell receptors (TCRs) that interact with antigenic peptides provides the technical basis for developing vaccines and immunotherapies. The emergent deep learning methods excel at learning antigen binding patterns from known…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-28 Jiangbin Zheng , Qianhui Xu , Ruichen Xia , Stan Z. Li

T cell receptors (TCRs) are critical components of adaptive immune systems, responsible for responding to threats by recognizing epitope sequences presented on host cell surface. Computational prediction of binding affinity between TCRs and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-31 Pengfei Zhang , Seojin Bang , Heewook Lee

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. T cell receptors (TCRs) are essential proteins for the adaptive immune system, and their specific recognition of antigens plays a crucial role in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Zahra Tayebi , Sarwan Ali , Prakash Chourasia , Taslim Murad , Murray Patterson

The immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated promising clinical efficacy across various tumor types, yet the percentage of patients who benefit from them remains low. The bindings between tumor antigens and HLA-I/TCR molecules…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-13 Chenpeng Yu , Xing Fang , Hui Liu

T cells are central to the adaptive immune response, capable of detecting pathogenic antigens while ignoring healthy tissues with remarkable specificity and sensitivity. Quantitatively understanding how T cell receptors (TCRs) discriminate…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-25 François X. P. Bourassa , Sooraj Achar , Grégoire Altan-Bonnet , Paul François

Motivation: The activity of the adaptive immune system is governed by T-cells and their specific T-cell receptors (TCR), which selectively recognize foreign antigens. Recent advances in experimental techniques have enabled sequencing of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-28 Anna Weber , Jannis Born , María Rodríguez Martínez

Recent advancements in immune sequencing and experimental techniques are generating extensive T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire data, enabling the development of models to predict TCR binding specificity. Despite the computational challenges…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-24 Anna Weber , Aurélien Pélissier , María Rodríguez Martínez

T cells monitor the health status of cells by identifying foreign peptides displayed on their surface. T-cell receptors (TCRs), which are protein complexes found on the surface of T cells, are able to bind to these peptides. This process is…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-03-07 Ziqi Chen , Martin Renqiang Min , Hongyu Guo , Chao Cheng , Trevor Clancy , Xia Ning

Accurate and efficient prediction of the molecular properties of drugs is one of the fundamental problems in drug research and development. Recent advancements in representation learning have been shown to greatly improve the performance of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-17 Hui Liu , Yibiao Huang , Xuejun Liu , Lei Deng
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