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Related papers: Activity gradients in two- and three-dimensional a…

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Topological defects, which are singular points in a director field, play a major role in shaping active systems. Here, we experimentally study topological defects and the flow patterns around them, that are formed during the highly rapid…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-20 Victor Yashunsky , Daniel J. G. Pearce , Gil Ariel , Avraham Be'er

Active matter locally converts chemical energy into mechanical work and, for this reason, it provides new mechanisms of pattern formation. In particular, active gels made of protein motors and filaments are far-from-equilibrium systems that…

Active processes in living systems generate nonequilibrium forces that deform embedded passive macromolecules. To understand how such dynamics influence polymer conformation, we study a flexible passive chain in an active nematic fluid.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-30 Zahra K. Valei , Davide Marenduzzo , Tyler N. Shendruk

We investigate the dynamics of elastic capsules suspended in two-dimensional active nematic fluids using lattice Boltzmann simulations. The capsules, modeled as flexible membranes enclosing active internal regions, exhibit a rich variety of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-13 Júlio P. A. Santos , Margarida M. Telo da Gama , Rodrigo C. V. Coelho

Active matter, encompassing natural systems, converts surrounding energy to sustain autonomous motion, exhibiting unique non-equilibrium behaviors such as active turbulence and phase separation. In this study, we develop a continuum…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-06 Sohail Ahmed , Zixiang Lin , Zijie Qu

Instabilities of fluid-fluid interfaces are ubiquitous in passive soft matter. Adding activity to the interface or either fluid can dramatically change the stability of the interface. Using experiment and theory, we investigate the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-04 Bennett C. Sessa , Federico Cao , Robert A. Pelcovits , Thomas R. Powers , Guillaume Duclos

Liquid crystals inevitably possess topological defect excitations generated through boundary conditions, applied fields or in quenches to the ordered phase. In equilibrium pairs of defects coarsen and annihilate as the uniform ground state…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-06-05 Luca Giomi , Mark J. Bowick , Xu Ma , M. Cristina Marchetti

Recent studies have shown that packings of cells, both eukaryotic cellular tissues and growing or swarming bacterial colonies, can often be understood as active nematic fluids. A key property of volume-conserving active nematic model…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-05-12 Fabian Jan Schwarzendahl , Daniel A. Beller

We study the impact of nematic alignment on scalar active matter in the disordered phase. We show that nematic torques control the emergent physics of particles interacting via pairwise forces and can either induce or prevent phase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-09-18 Gianmarco Spera , Charlie Duclut , Marc Durand , Julien Tailleur

In this work we present the first systematic framework to sculpt active nematics systems, using optimal control theory and a hydrodynamic model of active nematics. We demonstrate the use of two different control fields, (1) applied…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-10-28 Michael M. Norton , Piyush Grover , Michael F. Hagan , Seth Fraden

We examine the instabilities of a confined active nematic subjected to an orienting field using a low Reynolds number Ericksen-Leslie framework with active stresses and field-induced torques. Linear analysis reveals two distinct modes, with…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-12 I. K. Joseph , A. J. H. Houston , K. N. Kowal , N. J. Mottram

Incorporating the inherent heterogeneity of living systems into models of active nematics is essential to provide a more realistic description of biological processes such as bacterial growth, cell dynamics and tissue development.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-11-06 Alexander J. H. Houston , Nigel J. Mottram

We numerically study the multi-scale properties of a 2d active gel to address the energy transfer mechanism. We find that activity is able to excite long-ranged distortions of the nematic pattern giving rise to spontaneous laminar flows and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-13 Livio Nicola Carenza , Luca Biferale , Giuseppe Gonnella

Confining a liquid crystal imposes topological constraints on the orientational order, allowing global control of equilibrium systems by manipulation of anchoring boundary conditions. In this article, we investigate whether a similar…

The alignment of fibers and cells in living tissues affect their mechanical properties and functionality. In this context, one can draw an analogy between tissues and nematic liquid crystal elastomers. We explore this analogy by growing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-08 Kirsten Endresen , Aniruddh Murali , Birte Geerds , Daniel J. G. Pearce , Francesca Serra

Biological surfaces, such as developing epithelial tissues, exhibit in-plane polar or nematic order and can be strongly curved. Recently, integer (+1) topological defects have been identified as morphogenetic hotspots in living systems.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-18 Rushikesh Shinde , Raphaël Voituriez , Andrew Callan-Jones

We use a computational phase-field model together with analytical analysis to study how inter-cellular active forces can mediate individual cell morphology and collective motion in a confluent cell monolayer. Contractile inter-cellular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-30 Guanming Zhang , Julia M. Yeomans

The translation and shape deformations of a passive viscous Newtonian droplet immersed in an active nematic liquid crystal under circular confinement are analyzed using a linear stability analysis. We focus on the case of a sharply aligned…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-07-29 Tanumoy Dhar , Michael J. Shelley , David Saintillan

We use numerical simulations to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior of the interface between nematic (N) and isotropic (I) phases of a confined active liquid crystal. At low activities, a stable interface with constant shape and velocity…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-25 Rodrigo C. V. Coelho , Nuno A. M. Araújo , Margarida M. Telo da Gama

I put forward a continuum theory for active nematic gels, defined as fluids or suspensions of orientable rodlike objects endowed with active dynamics, that is based on symmetry arguments and compatibility with thermodynamics. The starting…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-11-15 Stefano S Turzi