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The Fisher information matrix (FIM) is a fundamental quantity to represent the characteristics of a stochastic model, including deep neural networks (DNNs). The present study reveals novel statistics of FIM that are universal among a wide…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-10 Ryo Karakida , Shotaro Akaho , Shun-ichi Amari

In the realm of deep learning, the Fisher information matrix (FIM) gives novel insights and useful tools to characterize the loss landscape, perform second-order optimization, and build geometric learning theories. The exact FIM is either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Alexander Soen , Ke Sun

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) is an effective method for improving generalization ability by regularizing loss sharpness. In this paper, we explore SAM in the context of adversarial robustness. We find that using only SAM can achieve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Zeming Wei , Jingyu Zhu , Yihao Zhang

Supervised machine learning approaches require the formulation of a loss functional to be minimized in the training phase. Sequential data are ubiquitous across many fields of research, and are often treated with Euclidean distance-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Mathies Wedler , Merten Stender , Marco Klein , Svenja Ehlers , Norbert Hoffmann

In order to provide a guaranteed precision and a more accurate judgement about the true value of the Cram\'{e}r-Rao bound and its scaling behavior, an upper bound (equivalently a lower bound on the quantum Fisher information) for precision…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-04 R. Yousefjani , S. Salimi , A. S. Khorashad

Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) has emerged as a highly effective technique to improve model generalization, but its underlying principles are not fully understood. We investigate m-sharpness, where SAM performance improves monotonically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Haocheng Luo , Mehrtash Harandi , Dinh Phung , Trung Le

The interactive segmentation task consists in the creation of object segmentation masks based on user interactions. The most common way to guide a model towards producing a correct segmentation consists in clicks on the object and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Robin Schön , Julian Lorenz , Katja Ludwig , Rainer Lienhart

Embedding graphs in continous spaces is a key factor in designing and developing algorithms for automatic information extraction to be applied in diverse tasks (e.g., learning, inferring, predicting). The reliability of graph embeddings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Andrea Marinoni , Pietro Lio' , Alessandro Barp , Christian Jutten , Mark Girolami

Understanding the generalization behavior of learning algorithms is a central goal of learning theory. A recently emerging explanation is that learning algorithms are successful in practice because they converge to flat minima, which have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Matan Schliserman , Shira Vansover-Hager , Tomer Koren

The Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) has been the standard approximation to the accuracy of parameter estimation on gravitational-wave signals from merging compact binaries due to its ease-of-use and rapid computation time. While the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-30 Carl L. Rodriguez , Benjamin Farr , Will M. Farr , Ilya Mandel

Wireless localization of permanent magnets enables occlusion-free guidance for medical interventions, yet its practical accuracy is fundamentally limited by two coupled challenges: the poor observability of conventional planar sensor arrays…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Wenxuan Xie , Yuelin Zhang , Qingpeng Ding , Jianghua Chen , Jiewen Tan , Jiwei Shan , Shing Shin Cheng

Recent experiments have shown that, often, when training a neural network with gradient descent (GD) with a step size $\eta$, the operator norm of the Hessian of the loss grows until it approximately reaches $2/\eta$, after which it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Philip M. Long , Peter L. Bartlett

The Fisher information matrix can be used to characterize the local geometry of the parameter space of neural networks. It elucidates insightful theories and useful tools to understand and optimize neural networks. Given its high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Alexander Soen , Ke Sun

Segment anything model (SAM) has demonstrated excellent generalizability in common vision scenarios, yet falling short of the ability to understand specialized data. Recently, several methods have combined parameter-efficient techniques…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yiran Song , Qianyu Zhou , Xuequan Lu , Zhiwen Shao , Lizhuang Ma

Classic zeroth-order optimization approaches typically optimize for a smoothed version of the original function, i.e., the expected objective under randomly perturbed model parameters. This can be interpreted as encouraging the loss values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xuchen Gong , Tian Li

Autonomous exploration for mapping unknown large scale environments is a fundamental challenge in robotics, with efficiency in time, stability against map corruption and computational resources being crucial. This paper presents a novel…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Megha Maheshwari , Sadeigh Rabiee , He Yin , Martin Labrie , Hang Liu , Rajasimman Madhivanan

In humans and other animals, category learning enhances discrimination between stimuli close to the category boundary. This phenomenon, called categorical perception, was also empirically observed in artificial neural networks trained on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Laurent Bonnasse-Gahot , Jean-Pierre Nadal

The objective of domain generalization (DG) is to enhance the transferability of the model learned from a source domain to unobserved domains. To prevent overfitting to a specific domain, Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) reduces source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Seungjae Shin , HeeSun Bae , Byeonghu Na , Yoon-Yeong Kim , Il-Chul Moon

Medical Image Foundation Models have proven to be powerful tools for mask prediction across various datasets. However, accurately assessing the uncertainty of their predictions remains a significant challenge. To address this, we propose a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-20 Xin Wang , Xiaoyu Liu , Peng Huang , Pu Huang , Shu Hu , Hongtu Zhu

Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) has attracted significant attention for its effectiveness in improving generalization across various tasks. However, its underlying principles remain poorly understood. In this work, we analyze SAM's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Haocheng Luo , Tuan Truong , Tung Pham , Mehrtash Harandi , Dinh Phung , Trung Le