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Growth curves of the near-infrared (NIR) magnitude as a function of the aperture have been built and used to derive NIR total magnitudes from aperture data taken from the literature. By cross-correlating with optical and redshift data,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michel Fioc , Brigitte Rocca-Volmerange

An important testable prediction of dynamical instability models for the early evolution of the Solar System is that Jupiter Trojans share a source population with the Kuiper belt. Concrete evidence of this prediction remains elusive, as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-01 Matthew Belyakov , Michael E. Brown , Alya al-Kibbi

We investigate the long-term evolution of the inclinations of the known classical and resonant Kuiper belt objects (KBOs). This is partially motivated by the observed bimodal inclination distribution and by the putative physical differences…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Kathryn Volk , Renu Malhotra

Recent photometric surveys of Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) have revealed that the cold classical TNOs have distinct z-band color characteristics, and occupy their own distinct surface class. This suggested the presence of an absorption…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-18 Tom Seccull , Wesley C. Fraser , Thomas H. Puzia

The Kuiper belt objects (KBOs) exhibit an orbital clustering of the outer planets lying at perihelion distances larger than Neptune and semimajor axes greater than 150 AU from the Sun. This implies a hitherto unknown dynamical mechanism to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-03-02 Babur M. Mirza

One of the most enigmatic and hitherto unexplained properties of Jupiter Trojans is their bimodal color distribution. This bimodality is indicative of two sub-populations within the Trojans, which have distinct size distributions. In this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-10-05 Ian Wong , Michael E. Brown

Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are icy/rocky bodies that move beyond the orbit of Neptune in a region known as the trans-Neptunian belt (or Edgeworth-Kuiper belt). In contrast to the predictions of accretion models that feature…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-06-17 Patryk Sofia Lykawka

The observed physical clustering of the orbits of small bodies in the distant Kuiper Belt (TNOs) has recently prompted the prediction of an additional planet in the outer solar system. Since the initial posing of the hypothesis, the effects…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Tali Khain , Juliette Becker , Fred C. Adams

The orbits of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) can indicate the existence of an undiscovered planet in the outer solar system. Here, we used N-body computer simulations to investigate the effects of a hypothetical Kuiper Belt planet (KBP) on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-29 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Takashi Ito

Kuiper Belt Objects, or more generally Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs), are planetesimals found beyond the orbit of Neptune. Some TNOs evolve onto Neptune-crossing orbits and become Centaurs. Many Centaurs, in turn, reach Jupiter-crossing…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-01 Wesley C. Fraser , Luke Dones , Kathryn Volk , Maria Womack , David Nesvorný

We numerically integrated the orbits of 1458 particles in the region of the classical Kuiper Belt (41 AU < a < 47 AU) to explore the role of dynamical instabilities in sculpting the inclination distribution of the classical Kuiper Belt…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marc J. Kuchner , Michael E. Brown , Matthew Holman

The 5:3 and 7:4 mean motion resonances of Neptune are at 42.3 and 43.7 au, respectively, and overlap with objects in the Classical trans-neptunian belt (Kuiper belt). We report the complete/partial lightcurves of 13 and 14 trans-Neptunian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-09 Audrey Thirouin , Scott S. Sheppard

Kuiper Belt objects with absolute magnitude less than 3 (radius $\gtrsim$500 km), the dwarf planets, have a range of different ice/rock ratios, and are more rock-rich than their smaller counterparts. Many of these objects have moons, which…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-06 Amy C. Barr , Megan E. Schwamb

The accumulating, but small, set of large semi-major axis trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) shows an apparent clustering in the orientations of their orbits. This clustering must either be representative of the intrinsic distribution of these…

Here we present additional photometry of targets observed as part of the Hubble Wide Field Camera 3 Test of Surfaces in the Outer Solar System. 12 targets were re-observed with the Wide Field Camera 3 in optical and NIR wavebands designed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Wesley C. Fraser , Michael E. Brown , Florian Glass

We investigate whether coagulation models of planet formation can explain the observed size distributions of transneptunian objects (TNOs). Analyzing published and new calculations, we demonstrate robust relations between the size of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Scott J. Kenyon , Benjamin C. Bromley

Objects in the Kuiper belt are small and far away thus difficult to study in detail even with the best telescopes available at earth. For much of the early history of the Kuiper belt, studies of the compositions of these objects were…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Michael E. Brown

The Trojan asteroids of Jupiter and Neptune are likely to have been captured from original heliocentric orbits in the dynamically excited ("hot") population of the Kuiper belt. However, it has long been known that the optical color…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 David Jewitt

We illuminate dynamical properties of Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) in the 3:2 (``Plutino'') and 2:1 (``Twotino'') Neptunian resonances within the model of resonant capture and migration. We analyze a series of numerical integrations, each…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 E. I. Chiang , A. B. Jordan