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We present observations of thermal emission from fifteen transneptunian objects (TNOs) made using the Spitzer Space Telescope. Thirteen of the targets are members of the Classical population: six dynamically hot Classicals, five dynamically…

Recent observations (Burnes et al 2002,Veillet et al 2002, Margot et al 2002a) have revealed an unexpectedly high binary fraction among the Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) that populate the Kuiper Belt. The TNO binaries are strikingly…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yoko Funato , Junichiro Makino , Piet Hut , Eiichiro Kokubo , Daisuke Kinoshita

Within the dynamically cold low inclination portion of the Classical Kuiper Belt, there exists a population of weakly bound binary systems with a number of unusual properties; most notable of which is their extremely wide orbital…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-28 Hunter M. Campbell , Lukas R. Stone , Nathan A. Kaib

We present new optical broadband colors, obtained with the Keck 1 and Vatican Advanced Technology telescopes, for six objects in the inner classical Kuiper Belt. Objects in the inner classical Kuiper Belt are of interest as they may…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 W. Romanishin , S. C. Tegler , G. J. Consolmagno

Ever since the very first photometric studies of Centaurs and Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) their visible color distribution has been controversial. That controversy gave rise to a prolific debate on the origin of the surface colors of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Nuno Peixinho , Audrey Delsanti , Aurélie Guilbert-Lepoutre , Ricardo Gafeira , Pedro Lacerda

(Abridged) Thirty-three objects with possible origins beyond the Kuiper Belt edge, very high inclinations, very large semi-major axes or large perihelion distances were observed to determine their surface colors. All three objects that have…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Scott S. Sheppard

We present spectro-photometric griz colors for 189 near-Earth objects (NEOs) collected by the Mission Accessible Near-Earth Object Survey (MANOS). Data acquisition involved non-simultaneous multi-band exposures, thus particular attention…

The Kuiper Belt (KB) region of the solar system, stretching from 30 to at least 50 AU, contains Pluto-Charon, some ~105 Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) larger than 100 km in diameter, and myriad smaller bodies produced by collisions among KBOs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. A. Stern

There have been 77 TNOs discovered to be librating in the distant transneptunian resonances (beyond the 2:1 resonance, at semimajor axes greater than 47.7~AU) in four well-characterized surveys: the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (OSSOS)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-21 B. L. Crompvoets , S. M. Lawler , K. Volk , Y. -T. Chen , B. Gladman , L. Peltier , M. Alexandersen , M. T. Bannister , S. Gwyn , J. J. Kavelaars , J. -M. Petit

The history of the outer solar system is intrinsically related to the Giant Planets migration. A massive disk of material within a radius of 30~au was scattered during the planetary migration, creating different dynamic populations in the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-05 Felipe Braga-Ribas , Frederic Vachier , Josselin Desmars , Giuliano Margoti , Bruno Sicardy

The low-inclination component of the Classical Kuiper Belt is host to a population of extremely widely-separated binaries. These systems are similar to other Trans-Neptunian binaries (TNBs) in that the primary and secondary components of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Alex H. Parker , JJ. Kavelaars , Jean-Marc Petit , Lynne Jones , Brett Gladman , Joel Parker

The cold main classical Kuiper Belt consists of those non-resonant small solar system bodies with low orbital inclinations and orbital semi-major axes between 42.4 and 47.7 au. These objects likely formed \textit{in situ} and the population…

The Trojan asteroids remain quite poorly understood, yet their physical properties provide unique perspective on chemical and dynamical processes that shaped the Solar System. The current study was undertaken to investigate surface…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Joshua P. Emery , Devon M. Burr , Dale P. Cruikshank

The outer solar system is populated by a broad aggregate of minor bodies, which occupy orbits whose dynamical character ranges from long-term stable to rapidly diffusive. We investigate the chaotic properties of known distant…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-23 Gabriele Pichierri , Konstantin Batygin

The orbital distribution of transneptunian objects (TNOs) in the distant Kuiper Belt (with semimajor axes beyond the 2:1 resonance, roughly $a$=50-100 au) provides constraints on the dynamical history of the outer solar system. Recent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-27 Yukun Huang , Brett Gladman , Matthew Beaudoin , Kevin Zhang

We analyze a detailed Nice model simulation of Kuiper Belt emplacement from Brasser & Morbidelli (2013), where Neptune undergoes a high eccentricity phase and migrates outward. In this work, which follows from Pike et al. (2017), we…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 R. E. Pike , S. M. Lawler

The detached transneptunian objects (TNOs) are those with semimajor axes beyond the 2:1 resonance with Neptune, which are neither resonant nor scattering. Using the detached sample from the OSSOS telescopic survey, we produce the first…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-01 Matthew Beaudoin , Brett Gladman , Yukun Huang , Michele Bannister , J. J. Kavelaars , Jean-Marc Petit , Kathryn Volk

The Classical Kuiper Belt is populated by a group of objects with low inclination orbits, reddish colors and usually belonging to a binary system. This so called Cold Classical Kuiper Belt is considered to have been formed in situ from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Rodney Gomes

We used N-body simulations to model the 4.5 Gyr orbital evolution of the early Kuiper Belt, incorporating a massive protoplanetary disk, the four giant planets, and 1500 primordial Pluto-class bodies ("Plutos") that drove Neptune's grainy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-20 Patryk Sofia Lykawka , Jonathan Horner , Pedro Bernardinelli

We conducted a two-night photometric survey of small Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) near opposition using the wide-field Hyper Suprime-Cam instrument on the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope. The survey covered about 90 deg^2 of sky, with each field…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-15 Ian Wong , Michael E. Brown