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In this paper we present a model containing modifications to the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), a tile-based self-assembly model whose tiles are capable of activating and deactivating glues based on the binding of other glues.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Andrew Alseth , Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

In this paper, we investigate the abilities of systems of self-assembling tiles which can each pass a constant number of signals to their immediate neighbors to create replicas of input shapes. Namely, we work within the Signal-passing Tile…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Andrew Alseth , Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

In this paper we demonstrate the power of a model of tile self-assembly based on active glues which can dynamically change state. We formulate the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), based on the model of Padilla, Liu, and Seeman to…

The 2-Handed Assembly Model (2HAM) is a tile-based self-assembly model in which, typically beginning from single tiles, arbitrarily large aggregations of static tiles combine in pairs to form structures. The Signal-passing Tile Assembly…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-12-16 Tyler Fochtman , Jacob Hendricks , Jennifer E. Padilla , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

We show how to design a universal shape replicator in a self-assembly system with both attractive and repulsive forces. More precisely, we show that there is a universal set of constant-size objects that, when added to any unknown hole-free…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-02 Cameron Chalk , Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Eric Martinez , Robert Schweller , Luis Vega , Tim Wylie

The algorithmic self-assembly of shapes has been considered in several models of self-assembly. For the problem of \emph{shape construction}, we consider an extended version of the Two-Handed Tile Assembly Model (2HAM), which contains…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Austin Luchsinger , Robert Schweller , Tim Wylie

We prove that the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) of nanoscale self-assembly is intrinsically universal. This means that there is a single tile assembly system U that, with proper initialization, simulates any tile assembly system T.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-10 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Robert T. Schweller , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

Self-assembly is a process which is ubiquitous in natural, especially biological systems. It occurs when groups of relatively simple components spontaneously combine to form more complex structures. While such systems have inspired a large…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Jerome Durand-Lose , Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Ian Perkins , Michael Sharp

In the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) square tiles self-assemble, autonomously binding via glues on their edges, to form structures. Algorithmic aTAM systems can be designed in which the patterns of tile attachments are forced to…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Andrew Alseth , Matthew J. Patitz

We show that the Tile Assembly Model exhibits a strong notion of universality where the goal is to give a single tile assembly system that simulates the behavior of any other tile assembly system. We give a tile assembly system that is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-09-08 David Doty , Jack H. Lutz , Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers , Damien Woods

We introduce staged self-assembly of Wang tiles, where tiles can be added dynamically in sequence and where intermediate constructions can be stored for later mixing. This model and its various constraints and performance measures are…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2008-03-04 Erik D. Demaine , Martin L. Demaine , Sandor P. Fekete , Mashhood Ishaque , Eynat Rafalin , Robert T. Schweller , Diane Souvaine

In this paper we define the Dupled abstract Tile Assembly Model (DaTAM), which is a slight extension to the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) that allows for not only the standard square tiles, but also "duple" tiles which are rectangles…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-03-10 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers , Scott M. Summers

In the abstract Tile Assembly Model, self-assembling systems consisting of tiles of different colors can form structures on which colored patterns are ``painted.'' We explore the complexity, in terms of the numbers of unique tile types…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Phillip Drake , Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers , Tyler Tracy

As a mathematical model of self-assembling systems, Winfree's abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) is a remarkable platform for studying the behaviors and powers of self-assembling systems. Capable of Turing universal computation, the aTAM…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers

Tile-based self-assembly systems are capable of universal computation and algorithmically-directed growth. Systems capable of such behavior typically make use of "glue cooperation" in which the glues on at least $2$ sides of a tile must…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-03-15 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

Sequence-directed assembly processes - such as protein folding - allow the assembly of a large number of structures with high accuracy from only a small handful of fundamental building blocks. We aim to explore how efficiently sequence…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Jeremy Guntoro , Thomas Ouldridge

Algorithmic self-assembly occurs when disorganized components autonomously combine to form structures and, by their design and the dynamics of the system, are forced to follow the execution of algorithms. Motivated by applications in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Daniel Hader , Matthew J. Patitz

This short survey of recent work in tile self-assembly discusses the use of simulation to classify and separate the computational and expressive power of self-assembly models. The journey begins with the result that there is a single…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-09-06 Damien Woods

In this paper, we introduce the following problem in the theory of algorithmic self-assembly: given an input shape as the seed of a tile-based self-assembly system, design a finite tile set that can, in some sense, uniquely identify whether…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-06-16 Matthew J. Patitz , Scott M. Summers

We define the Reflexive Tile Assembly Model (RTAM), which is obtained from the abstract Tile Assembly Model (aTAM) by allowing tiles to reflect across their horizontal and/or vertical axes. We show that the class of directed temperature-1…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Jacob Hendricks , Matthew J. Patitz , Trent A. Rogers
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