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Machine learning methods can be unreliable when deployed in domains that differ from the domains on which they were trained. There are a wide range of proposals for mitigating this problem by learning representations that are ``invariant''…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-09 Zihao Wang , Victor Veitch

Through extensive experience developing and explaining machine learning (ML) applications for real-world domains, we have learned that ML models are only as interpretable as their features. Even simple, highly interpretable model types such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Alexandra Zytek , Ignacio Arnaldo , Dongyu Liu , Laure Berti-Equille , Kalyan Veeramachaneni

Interpreting the decisions of complex computer vision models is crucial to establish trust and accountability, especially in safety-critical domains. An established approach to interpretability is generating visual attribution maps that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 David Schinagl , Christian Fruhwirth-Reisinger , Alexander Prutsch , Samuel Schulter , Horst Possegger

Deep neural networks are the default choice of learning models for computer vision tasks. Extensive work has been carried out in recent years on explaining deep models for vision tasks such as classification. However, recent work has shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Anindya Sarkar , Anirban Sarkar , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Local decision rules are commonly understood to be more explainable, due to the local nature of the patterns involved. With numerical optimization methods such as gradient boosting, ensembles of local decision rules can gain good predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Xin Du , Subramanian Ramamoorthy , Wouter Duivesteijn , Jin Tian , Mykola Pechenizkiy

Although originally developed to evaluate sets of items, recall is often used to evaluate rankings of items, including those produced by recommender, retrieval, and other machine learning systems. The application of recall without a formal…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Fernando Diaz , Michael D. Ekstrand , Bhaskar Mitra

Machine learning methods have significantly improved in their predictive capabilities, but at the same time they are becoming more complex and less transparent. As a result, explainers are often relied on to provide interpretability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Zulqarnain Khan , Davin Hill , Aria Masoomi , Joshua Bone , Jennifer Dy

The increasing complexity of AI systems has made understanding their behavior critical. Numerous interpretability methods have been developed to attribute model behavior to three key aspects: input features, training data, and internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Shichang Zhang , Tessa Han , Usha Bhalla , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Replication of experimental results has been a challenge faced by many scientific disciplines, including the field of machine learning. Recent work on the theory of machine learning has formalized replicability as the demand that an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Eric Eaton , Marcel Hussing , Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Sikata Bela Sengupta , Jessica Sorrell

Multicriteria decision analysis aims at supporting a person facing a decision problem involving conflicting criteria. We consider an additive utility model which provides robust conclusions based on preferences elicited from the decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-17 K. Belahcene , C. Labreuche , N. Maudet , V. Mousseau , W. Ouerdane

An important goal in deep learning is to learn versatile, high-level feature representations of input data. However, standard networks' representations seem to possess shortcomings that, as we illustrate, prevent them from fully realizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-30 Logan Engstrom , Andrew Ilyas , Shibani Santurkar , Dimitris Tsipras , Brandon Tran , Aleksander Madry

Users of program analyses expect that results change predictably in response to changes in their programs, but many analyses fail to provide such robustness. This paper introduces a theoretical framework that provides a unified language to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zachary Kincaid , Shaowei Zhu

Training fair machine learning models, aiming for their interpretability and solving the problem of domain shift has gained a lot of interest in the last years. There is a vast amount of work addressing these topics, mostly in separation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-22 Linda H. Boedi , Helmut Grabner

Attribution methods have been developed to understand the decision-making process of machine learning models, especially deep neural networks, by assigning importance scores to individual features. Existing attribution methods often built…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-14 Huiqi Deng , Na Zou , Mengnan Du , Weifu Chen , Guocan Feng , Xia Hu

Feature attribution has been a foundational building block for explaining the input feature importance in supervised learning with Deep Neural Network (DNNs), but face new challenges when applied to deep Reinforcement Learning (RL).We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Xuan Chen , Zifan Wang , Yucai Fan , Bonan Jin , Piotr Mardziel , Carlee Joe-Wong , Anupam Datta

The field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) attempts to develop methods that provide insight into how complicated machine learning methods make predictions. Many methods of explanation have focused on the concept of feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Kurt Butler , Guanchao Feng , Petar M. Djuric

Artificial intelligence, particularly through recent advancements in deep learning, has achieved exceptional performances in many tasks in fields such as natural language processing and computer vision. In addition to desirable evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Sean Xie , Soroush Vosoughi , Saeed Hassanpour

The concept of explainability is envisioned to satisfy society's demands for transparency on machine learning decisions. The concept is simple: like humans, algorithms should explain the rationale behind their decisions so that their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Erwan Le Merrer , Gilles Tredan

In causal inference confounding may be controlled either through regression adjustment in an outcome model, or through propensity score adjustment or inverse probability of treatment weighting, or both. The latter approaches, which are…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-01-17 Olli Saarela , Léo R. Belzile , David A. Stephens

This paper proposes a new algorithm for learning accurate tree-based models while ensuring the existence of recourse actions. Algorithmic Recourse (AR) aims to provide a recourse action for altering the undesired prediction result given by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Kentaro Kanamori , Takuya Takagi , Ken Kobayashi , Yuichi Ike
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