Related papers: Four-Four Maxwell Equations
We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…
We discuss a previously unpublished description of electromagnetism outlined by Richard P. Feynman in the 1960s in five handwritten pages, recently uncovered among his papers, and partly developed in later lectures. Though similar to the…
The purpose of this effort is to investigate if the use of quaternion mathematics can be used to better model and simulate the electromagnetic fields that occur from moving electromagnetic charges. One observed deficiency with the commonly…
The problem of the `infinite energy' of a point charge is well known in connection with the Lorentz--Abraham--Dirac equation and, more significantly, in quantum electrodynamics. Though it is not stated usually, this is strongly related to…
The electrophoretic motion of a conducting particle, driven by an induced charge mechanism, is analyzed. The dependence of the motion upon particle shape is embodied in four tensorial coefficients that relate the particle velocities to the…
We provide a full realization of the electromagnetic duality at the boundary by extending the phase space of Maxwell's theory through the introduction of edge modes and their conjugate momenta. We show how such extension, which follows from…
If potential energy is the timelike component of a four-vector, then there must be a corresponding spacelike part which would logically be called the potential momentum. The potential four-momentum consisting of the potential momentum and…
The standard derivations of electromagnetic energy and momentum in media take Maxwell's equations as the starting point. It is well known that for dispersive media this approach does not directly yield exact expressions for the energy and…
We describe a class of unified theories of electromagnetism and gravity. The Lagrangian is of the BF type, with a potential for the B-field, the gauge group is U(2) (complexified). Given a choice of the potential function the theory is a…
We describe the interplay between electric-magnetic duality and higher symmetry in Maxwell theory. When the fine-structure constant is rational, the theory admits non-invertible symmetries which can be realized as composites of…
In this lecture we discuss some interesting developments in the modern theory of electromagnetic field(s). In particular, by using the methods developed in Dirac's constraint dynamics we derive the Schr\"{o}dinger equation for the free…
The electromagnetic fields in Maxwell's theory satisfy linear equations in the classical vacuum. This is modified in classical non-linear electrodynamic theories. To date there has been little experimental evidence that any of these…
Out of the four components of the electromagnetic field, Maxwell's theory only contains two physical degrees of freedom. However, in an expanding universe, consistently eliminating one of the "unphysical" states in the covariant…
This paper aims to present an elaborate view on the motivation and realization of the idea to extend Maxwell's electrodynamics to Extended Electrodynamics in a reasonable and appropriate way in order to make it possible to describe…
The existence of twisted light may be inferred from modern quantum concepts and experimental data. These waves possess energy, impulse and angular momentum. However, the Maxwell's four-dimensional theory of electromagnetism does not imply…
It is shown that unification of gravity and electromagnetism can be achieved using an affine non-symmetric connection $\Gamma^\lambda_{\mu\nu} \neq \Gamma^\lambda_{\nu\mu}$ and $\Gamma_\mu = \Gamma^\lambda_{[\mu\lambda]}\neq 0$.…
The article describes a new approach to obtaining the energy-momentum tensor of electromagnetic field in medium without the use of Maxwell's equations and Poynting theorem. The energy-momentum tensor has new qualities and consequences. Its…
Maxwell's macroscopic equations combined with a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force are a complete and consistent set of equations. Not only are these five equations fully compatible with special relativity, they also conform with…
Since the Maxwell theory of electromagnetic phenomena is a gauge theory, it is quite important to evaluate the zero-point energy of the quantized electromagnetic field by a careful assignment of boundary conditions on the potential and on…
Maxwell Electrodynamics can be described either in Minkowski space-time or in a dynamically equivalent way in a curved geometry constructed in terms of the electromagnetic field. For this the field must have a superior bound limited by a…