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The advent of large language models (LLMs) has enabled agents to represent virtual humans in societal simulations, facilitating diverse interactions within complex social systems. However, existing LLM-based agents exhibit severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Qun Ma , Xiao Xue , Xuwen Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Yuwei Guo , Ming Zhang

Automatically evaluating text-based, non-task-oriented dialogue systems (i.e., `chatbots') remains an open problem. Previous approaches have suffered challenges ranging from poor correlation with human judgment to poor generalization and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Ian Berlot-Attwell , Frank Rudzicz

Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG) are the two critical components of every conversational system that handles the task of understanding the user by capturing the necessary information in the form of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Mauajama Firdaus , Avinash Madasu , Asif Ekbal

The goal-oriented document-grounded dialogue aims at responding to the user query based on the dialogue context and supporting document. Existing studies tackle this problem by decomposing it into two sub-tasks: knowledge identification and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Chang Gao , Wenxuan Zhang , Wai Lam

Understanding the reason for emotional support response is crucial for establishing connections between users and emotional support dialogue systems. Previous works mostly focus on generating better responses but ignore interpretability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tenggan Zhang , Xinjie Zhang , Jinming Zhao , Li Zhou , Qin Jin

In this paper, we present an end-to-end empathetic conversation agent CAiRE. Our system adapts TransferTransfo (Wolf et al., 2019) learning approach that fine-tunes a large-scale pre-trained language model with multi-task objectives:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Zhaojiang Lin , Peng Xu , Genta Indra Winata , Farhad Bin Siddique , Zihan Liu , Jamin Shin , Pascale Fung

In recent years, there has been increased interest in building predictive models that harness natural language processing and machine learning techniques to detect emotions from various text sources, including social media posts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Sourabh Zanwar , Daniel Wiechmann , Yu Qiao , Elma Kerz

Collaborative interactions require social robots to adapt to the dynamics of human affective behaviour. Yet, current approaches for affective behaviour generation in robots focus on instantaneous perception to generate a one-to-one mapping…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Nikhil Churamani , Pablo Barros , Hatice Gunes , Stefan Wermter

We study the problem of response selection for multi-turn conversation in retrieval-based chatbots. The task requires matching a response candidate with a conversation context, whose challenges include how to recognize important parts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Yu Wu , Wei Wu , Chen Xing , Can Xu , Zhoujun Li , Ming Zhou

Current approaches to empathetic response generation typically encode the entire dialogue history directly and put the output into a decoder to generate friendly feedback. These methods focus on modelling contextual information but neglect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Guoqing Lv , Jiang Li , Xiaoping Wang , Zhigang Zeng

Spoken Dialogue Models (SDMs) have advanced rapidly, yet their ability to sustain genuinely interactive multi-turn conversations remains underexplored, as most benchmarks focus on single-turn exchanges. We introduce Multi-Bench, the first…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yayue Deng , Guoqiang Hu , Haiyang Sun , Xiangyu Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Fei Tian , Xuerui Yang , Gang Yu , Eng Siong Chng

This paper explores the potential for utilizing generative AI models in group-focused co-creative frameworks to enhance problem solving and ideation in business innovation and co-creation contexts, and proposes a novel prompting technique…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Brandon Harwood

Dialogue systems play an increasingly important role in various aspects of our daily life. It is evident from recent research that dialogue systems trained on human conversation data are biased. In particular, they can produce responses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Haochen Liu , Wentao Wang , Yiqi Wang , Hui Liu , Zitao Liu , Jiliang Tang

The dynamics of human-AI communication have been reshaped by language models such as ChatGPT. However, extant research has primarily focused on dyadic communication, leaving much to be explored regarding the dynamics of human-AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-01 Sion Yoon , Tae Eun Kim , Yoo Jung Oh

Since the late 1990s when speech companies began providing their customer-service software in the market, people have gotten used to speaking to machines. As people interact more often with voice and gesture controlled machines, they expect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Pascale Fung , Dario Bertero , Yan Wan , Anik Dey , Ricky Ho Yin Chan , Farhad Bin Siddique , Yang Yang , Chien-Sheng Wu , Ruixi Lin

Social interactions promote well-being, yet barriers like geographic distance, time limitations, and mental health conditions can limit face-to-face interactions. Emotionally responsive AI systems, such as chatbots, offer new opportunities…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mahnaz Roshanaei , Rezvaneh Rezapour , Magy Seif El-Nasr

Target-guided response generation enables dialogue systems to smoothly transition a conversation from a dialogue context toward a target sentence. Such control is useful for designing dialogue systems that direct a conversation toward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Prakhar Gupta , Harsh Jhamtani , Jeffrey P. Bigham

AI companion chatbots are increasingly used for emotional support, with prior work in the domain predominantly documenting their mixed psychosocial impacts, including both increased emotional expression and heightened loneliness. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Olivia Yan Huang , Monika Stodolska , Sharifa Sultana

Recent neural models of dialogue generation offer great promise for generating responses for conversational agents, but tend to be shortsighted, predicting utterances one at a time while ignoring their influence on future outcomes. Modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-30 Jiwei Li , Will Monroe , Alan Ritter , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Dan Jurafsky

Empathetic dialogue is a human-like behavior that requires the perception of both affective factors (e.g., emotion status) and cognitive factors (e.g., cause of the emotion). Besides concerning emotion status in early work, the latest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Yushan Qian , Bo Wang , Ting-En Lin , Yinhe Zheng , Ying Zhu , Dongming Zhao , Yuexian Hou , Yuchuan Wu , Yongbin Li