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Machine learning models have achieved widespread success but often inherit and amplify historical biases, resulting in unfair outcomes. Traditional fairness methods typically impose constraints at the prediction level, without addressing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Enze Shi , Pankaj Bhagwat , Zhixian Yang , Linglong Kong , Bei Jiang

As the operations of autonomous systems generally affect simultaneously several users, it is crucial that their designs account for fairness considerations. In contrast to standard (deep) reinforcement learning (RL), we investigate the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Umer Siddique , Paul Weng , Matthieu Zimmer

Finding the optimal hyperparameters of a model can be cast as a bilevel optimization problem, typically solved using zero-order techniques. In this work we study first-order methods when the inner optimization problem is convex but…

Fair representation learning is an attractive approach that promises fairness of downstream predictors by encoding sensitive data. Unfortunately, recent work has shown that strong adversarial predictors can still exhibit unfairness by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Mislav Balunović , Anian Ruoss , Martin Vechev

To reduce human error and prejudice, many high-stakes decisions have been turned over to machine algorithms. However, recent research suggests that this does not remove discrimination, and can perpetuate harmful stereotypes. While…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Yuzi He , Keith Burghardt , Kristina Lerman

As they have a vital effect on social decision-making, AI algorithms should be not only accurate but also fair. Among various algorithms for fairness AI, learning fair representation (LFR), whose goal is to find a fair representation with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-12 Dongha Kim , Kunwoong Kim , Insung Kong , Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

Fairness,the impartial treatment towards individuals or groups regardless of their inherent or acquired characteristics [20], is a critical challenge for the successful implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in multiple fields like…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Catalina M Jaramillo , Paul Squires , Julian Togelius

Differentiable optimization layers are traditionally integrated in predict-then-optimize frameworks where a neural model estimates parameters that subsequently serve as fixed inputs to downstream decision-making optimization problems. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 David Troxell , Noah Roemer , Guido Montúfar

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed devices while preserving data privacy. Nonetheless, the heterogeneity of edge devices often leads to inconsistent performance of the globally trained models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Lin Wang , Zhichao Wang , Ye Shi , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Xiaoying Tang

In machine learning, training data often capture the behaviour of multiple subgroups of some underlying human population. When the amounts of training data for the subgroups are not controlled carefully, under-representation bias arises. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Quan Zhou , Jakub Marecek , Robert N. Shorten

Machine learning is used to make decisions for individuals in various fields, which require us to achieve good prediction accuracy while ensuring fairness with respect to sensitive features (e.g., race and gender). This problem, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yoichi Chikahara , Shinsaku Sakaue , Akinori Fujino , Hisashi Kashima

Contrastive representation learning has gained much attention due to its superior performance in learning representations from both image and sequential data. However, the learned representations could potentially lead to performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Jianfeng Chi , William Shand , Yaodong Yu , Kai-Wei Chang , Han Zhao , Yuan Tian

We study a class of algorithms for solving bilevel optimization problems in both stochastic and deterministic settings when the inner-level objective is strongly convex. Specifically, we consider algorithms based on inexact implicit…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-12 Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal

Machine learning algorithms may have disparate impacts on protected groups. To address this, we develop methods for Bayes-optimal fair classification, aiming to minimize classification error subject to given group fairness constraints. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-28 Xianli Zeng , Kevin Jiang , Guang Cheng , Edgar Dobriban

Self-supervised learning methods overcome the key bottleneck for building more capable AI: limited availability of labeled data. However, one of the drawbacks of self-supervised architectures is that the representations that they learn are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Avi Ziskind , Sujeong Kim , Giedrius T. Burachas

Effective machine learning models can automatically learn useful information from a large quantity of data and provide decisions in a high accuracy. These models may, however, lead to unfair predictions in certain sense among the population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Mingliang Chen , Min Wu

In machine learning, training data often capture the behaviour of multiple subgroups of some underlying human population. This behaviour can often be modelled as observations of an unknown dynamical system with an unobserved state. When the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Quan Zhou , Jakub Marecek , Robert N. Shorten

Learning meaningful representations that maintain the content necessary for a particular task while filtering away detrimental variations is a problem of great interest in machine learning. In this paper, we tackle the problem of learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-30 Qizhe Xie , Zihang Dai , Yulun Du , Eduard Hovy , Graham Neubig

The rapid developments of various machine learning models and their deployments in several applications has led to discussions around the importance of looking beyond the accuracies of these models. Fairness of such models is one such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Biswajit Rout , Ananya B. Sai , Arun Rajkumar

To fix the 'bias in, bias out' problem in fair machine learning, it is important to steer feature distributions of data or internal representations of Large Language Models (LLMs) to ideal ones that guarantee group-fair outcomes. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mohit Sharma , Amit Jayant Deshpande , Chiranjib Bhattacharyya , Rajiv Ratn Shah