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We discuss two novel approaches to the classical two-sample problem. Our starting point are properly standardized and combined, very popular in several areas of statistics and data analysis, ordinal dominance and receiver characteristic…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-26 Teresa Ledwina , Adam Zagdański

Missing data in supervised learning is well-studied, but the specific issue of missing labels during model evaluation has been overlooked. Ignoring samples with missing values, a common solution, can introduce bias, especially when data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Danial Dervovic , Michael Cashmore

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) aims to enhance the generalization capability of a certain model from a source domain to a target domain. UDA is of particular significance since no extra effort is devoted to annotating target domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Qiming Zhang , Jing Zhang , Wei Liu , Dacheng Tao

Decision tree and random forest classification and regression are some of the most widely used in machine learning approaches. Binary decision tree implementations commonly use conditioning in the form 'feature $\leq$ (or $<$) threshold',…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Gábor Timár , György Kovács

As a variant of the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), the partial AUC (PAUC) focuses on a specific range of false positive rate (FPR) and/or true positive rate (TPR) in the ROC curve. It is a pivotal evaluation metric in real-world scenarios…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Yangbangyan Jiang , Qianqian Xu , Huiyang Shao , Zhiyong Yang , Shilong Bao , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

We present Fast Random projection-based One-Class Classification (FROCC), an extremely efficient method for one-class classification. Our method is based on a simple idea of transforming the training data by projecting it onto a set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Arindam Bhattacharya , Sumanth Varambally , Amitabha Bagchi , Srikanta Bedathur

Training and evaluation of fair classifiers is a challenging problem. This is partly due to the fact that most fairness metrics of interest depend on both the sensitive attribute information and label information of the data points. In many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Pranjal Awasthi , Alex Beutel , Matthaeus Kleindessner , Jamie Morgenstern , Xuezhi Wang

This report examines the Pinned AUC metric introduced and highlights some of its limitations. Pinned AUC provides a threshold-agnostic measure of unintended bias in a classification model, inspired by the ROC-AUC metric. However, as we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-07 Daniel Borkan , Lucas Dixon , John Li , Jeffrey Sorensen , Nithum Thain , Lucy Vasserman

This study presents an innovative method for reducing the number of rating scale items without predictability loss. The "area under the re- ceiver operator curve method" (AUC ROC) is used to implement in the RatingScaleReduction package…

Computation · Statistics 2017-03-21 Waldemar W. Koczkodaj , Alicja Wolny-Dominiak

Objective: Area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUC) is commonly reported alongside prediction models for binary outcomes. Recent articles have raised concerns that AUC might be a misleading measure of prediction…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Emily Minus , R. Yates Coley , Susan M. Shortreed , Brian D. Williamson

When dealing with sensitive data in automated data-driven decision-making, an important concern is to learn predictors with high performance towards a class label, whilst minimising for the discrimination towards any sensitive attribute,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 António Pereira Barata , Frank W. Takes , H. Jaap van den Herik , Cor J. Veenman

With the growing privacy concerns in recommender systems, recommendation unlearning is getting increasing attention. Existing studies predominantly use training data, i.e., model inputs, as unlearning target. However, attackers can extract…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Chaochao Chen , Yizhao Zhang , Yuyuan Li , Jun Wang , Lianyong Qi , Xiaolong Xu , Xiaolin Zheng , Jianwei Yin

Optimization metrics are crucial for building recommendation systems at scale. However, an effective and efficient metric for practical use remains elusive. While Top-K ranking metrics are the gold standard for optimization, they suffer…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Wentao Shi , Chenxu Wang , Fuli Feng , Yang Zhang , Wenjie Wang , Junkang Wu , Xiangnan He

A classifier for two or more samples is proposed when the data are high-dimensional and the underlying distributions may be non-normal. The classifier is constructed as a linear combination of two easily computable and interpretable…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-02 M. Rauf Ahmad , Tatjana Pavlenko

Deep neural networks often exploit shortcuts. These are spurious cues which are associated with output labels in the training data but are unrelated to task semantics. When the shortcut features are associated with sensitive attributes,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Akshit Achara , Peter Triantafillou , Esther Puyol-Antón , Alexander Hammers , Andrew P. King

This work is devoted to the analysis of the performance of energy detection based spectrum sensing in the presence of enriched fading conditions which are distinct for the large number of multipath components and the lack of a dominant…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-12-30 Paschalis C. Sofotasios , Mulugeta K. Fikadu , Khuong Ho-Van , Mikko Valkama , George K. Karagiannidis

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is widely used for evaluating diagnostic systems. Recent studies have shown that estimating an area under ROC curve (AUC) with standard cross-validation methods suffers from a large bias. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-25 Ileana Montoya Perez , Antti Airola , Peter J. Boström , Ivan Jambor , Tapio Pahikkala

Given a learning problem with real-world tradeoffs, which cost function should the model be trained to optimize? This is the metric selection problem in machine learning. Despite its practical interest, there is limited formal guidance on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-22 Gaurush Hiranandani

In the last decade, research on artificial intelligence has seen rapid growth with deep learning models, especially in the field of medical image segmentation. Various studies demonstrated that these models have powerful prediction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-14 Dominik Müller , Iñaki Soto-Rey , Frank Kramer

[Context] The use of defect prediction models, such as classifiers, can support testing resource allocations by using data of the previous releases of the same project for predicting which software components are likely to be defective. A…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Davide Falessi , Jacky Huang , Likhita Narayana , Jennifer Fong Thai , Burak Turhan