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The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is a crucial metric for machine learning, which evaluates the average performance over all possible True Positive Rates (TPRs) and False Positive Rates (FPRs). Based on the knowledge that a skillful…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Zhiyong Yang , Qianqian Xu , Shilong Bao , Yuan He , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

We propose a method for maximizing a partial area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (pAUC) for binary classification tasks. In binary classification tasks, accuracy is the most commonly used as a measure of classifier…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-14 Naonori Ueda , Akinori Fujino

We study the geometry of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) and Precision-Recall (PR) curves in binary classification problems. The key finding is that many of the most commonly used binary classification metrics are merely functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Reza Sameni

Anomaly detection is a dynamic field, in which the evaluation of models plays a critical role in understanding their effectiveness. The selection and interpretation of the evaluation metrics are pivotal, particularly in scenarios with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Minjae Ok , Simon Klüttermann , Emmanuel Müller

The area under a receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) is a useful tool to assess the performance of continuous-scale diagnostic tests on binary classification. In this article, we propose an empirical likelihood (EL) method to…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-05 Chul Moon , Xinlei Wang , Johan Lim

Classification performance is often not uniform over the data. Some areas in the input space are easier to classify than others. Features that hold information about the "difficulty" of the data may be non-discriminative and are therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Oran Richman , Shie Mannor

In machine learning (ML), a widespread claim is that the area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) is a superior metric for model comparison to the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) for tasks with class imbalance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Matthew B. A. McDermott , Haoran Zhang , Lasse Hyldig Hansen , Giovanni Angelotti , Jack Gallifant

The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the ROC curve are widely used to compare the performance of diagnostic and prognostic assays. The ROC curve has the advantage that it is independent of…

The use of machine learning models in consequential decision making often exacerbates societal inequity, in particular yielding disparate impact on members of marginalized groups defined by race and gender. The area under the ROC curve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Zhenhuan Yang , Yan Lok Ko , Kush R. Varshney , Yiming Ying

The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a very useful tool for analyzing the diagnostic/classification power of instruments/classification schemes as long as a binary-scale gold standard is available. When the gold standard is…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-05-10 Zhanfeng Wang , Yuan-chin Ivan Chang

Link prediction is a paradigmatic and challenging problem in network science, which attempts to uncover missing links or predict future links, based on known topology. A fundamental but still unsolved issue is how to choose proper metrics…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2023-03-22 Tao Zhou

Several efforts have been done to bring ROC analysis beyond (binary) classification, especially in regression. However, the mapping and possibilities of these proposals do not correspond to what we expect from the analysis of operating…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-10-17 Jose Hernandez-Orallo

In recommendation systems, one is interested in the ranking of the predicted items as opposed to other losses such as the mean squared error. Although a variety of ways to evaluate rankings exist in the literature, here we focus on the Area…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-08-26 Charanpal Dhanjal , Romaric Gaudel , Stephan Clemencon

In contemporary data analysis, it is increasingly common to work with non-stationary complex data sets. These data sets typically extend beyond the classical low-dimensional Euclidean space, making it challenging to detect shifts in their…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Rohit Kanrar , Feiyu Jiang , Zhanrui Cai

The area under receiver operating characteristics (AUC) is the standard measure for comparison of anomaly detectors. Its advantage is in providing a scalar number that allows a natural ordering and is independent on a threshold, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Vít Škvára , Tomáš Pevný , Václav Šmídl

Weakly supervised learning aims to empower machine learning when the perfect supervision is unavailable, which has drawn great attention from researchers. Among various types of weak supervision, one of the most challenging cases is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Zheng Xie , Yu Liu , Ming Li

Binary classification is one of the oldest, most prevalent, and studied problems in machine learning. However, the metrics used to evaluate model performance have received comparatively little attention. The area under the receiver…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-12 Tiago Brogueira , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Many applications of AI involve scoring individuals using a learned function of their attributes. These predictive risk scores are then used to take decisions based on whether the score exceeds a certain threshold, which may vary depending…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-26 Robin Vogel , Aurélien Bellet , Stephan Clémençon

When determining which machine learning model best performs some high impact risk assessment task, practitioners commonly use the Area under the Curve (AUC) to defend and validate their model choices. In this paper, we argue that the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Kweku Kwegyir-Aggrey , Marissa Gerchick , Malika Mohan , Aaron Horowitz , Suresh Venkatasubramanian

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is one of the most widely used performance measures for classification models in machine learning. However, it summarizes the true positive rates (TPRs) over all false positive rates (FPRs) in the ROC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Yao Yao , Qihang Lin , Tianbao Yang