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Foundations of formal languages, as subfield of theoretical computer science, are part of typical upper secondary education curricula. There is very little research on the potential difficulties that students at this level have with this…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Marko Schmellenkamp , Dennis Stanglmair , Tilman Michaeli , Thomas Zeume

Africa has over 2000 languages. Despite this, African languages account for a small portion of available resources and publications in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This is due to multiple factors, including: a lack of focus from…

Neural models have drastically advanced state of the art for machine translation (MT) between high-resource languages. Traditionally, these models rely on large amounts of training data, but many language pairs lack these resources.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Manuel Mager , Rajat Bhatnagar , Graham Neubig , Ngoc Thang Vu , Katharina Kann

We present a mobile and desktop keyboard suite for Idu Mishmi, an endangered Trans-Himalayan language spoken by approximately 11,000 people in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Although a Latin-based orthography was developed in 2018, no digital…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Akhilesh Kakolu Ramarao

Machine translation systems for high resource languages perform exceptionally well and produce high quality translations. Unfortunately, the vast majority of languages are not considered high resource and lack the quantity of parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jonathan Hus , Antonios Anastasopoulos

We present a survey covering the state of the art in low-resource machine translation research. There are currently around 7000 languages spoken in the world and almost all language pairs lack significant resources for training machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Barry Haddow , Rachel Bawden , Antonio Valerio Miceli Barone , Jindřich Helcl , Alexandra Birch

Instructing language models with user intent requires large instruction datasets, which are only available for a limited set of languages. In this paper, we explore alternatives to conventional instruction adaptation pipelines in…

The great majority of languages in the world are considered under-resourced for the successful application of deep learning methods. In this work, we propose a meta-learning approach to document classification in limited-resource setting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Niels van der Heijden , Helen Yannakoudakis , Pushkar Mishra , Ekaterina Shutova

This work investigates the in-context learning abilities of pretrained large language models (LLMs) when instructed to translate text from a low-resource language into a high-resource language as part of an automated machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Sara Court , Micha Elsner

Homophones present a significant challenge to authors in any languages due to their similarities of pronunciations but different meanings and spellings. This issue is particularly pronounced in the Khmer language, rich in homophones due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Seanghort Born , Madeth May , Claudine Piau-Toffolon , Sébastien Iksal

Instruction tuning in low-resource languages remains underexplored due to limited text data, particularly in government and cultural domains. To address this, we introduce and open-source a large-scale (10,600 samples) instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Nurkhan Laiyk , Daniil Orel , Rituraj Joshi , Maiya Goloburda , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Fajri Koto

For immigrants, language preservation is crucial to maintain their identity, but the process of immigration can put a strain on a community's ability to do so. We interviewed eight Nepali immigrants to understand barriers to language…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Alejandro Ciuba , Zheng YY Li , Aakash Gautam

In this paper we share several experiments trying to automatically translate informal mathematics into formal mathematics. In our context informal mathematics refers to human-written mathematical sentences in the LaTeX format; and formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Qingxiang Wang , Chad Brown , Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

Teaching assistants have played essential roles in the long history of education. However, few MOOC platforms are providing human or virtual teaching assistants to support learning for massive online students due to the complexity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Shangqing Tu , Zheyuan Zhang , Jifan Yu , Chunyang Li , Siyu Zhang , Zijun Yao , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

The Second Language Acquisition field has been significantly impacted by a greater emphasis on individualized learning and rapid developments in artificial intelligence (AI). Although increasingly adaptive language learning tools are being…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Jin Ha Woo , Heeyoul Choi

Machine translation is one of the applications of natural language processing which has been explored in different languages. Recently researchers started paying attention towards machine translation for resource-poor languages and closely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi , Priya Rani , Mihael Arcan , John P. McCrae

In order to work with mathematical content in computer systems, it is necessary to represent it in formal languages. Ideally, these are supported by tools that verify the correctness of the content, allow computing with it, and produce…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Cezary Kaliszyk , Florian Rabe

Low-resource languages such as isiZulu and isiXhosa face persistent challenges in machine translation due to limited parallel data and linguistic resources. Recent advances in large language models suggest that self-reflection, prompting a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Nicholas Cheng

Despite recent advances in natural language processing and other language technology, the application of such technology to language documentation and conservation has been limited. In August 2019, a workshop was held at Carnegie Mellon…

In increasingly multicultural and multilingual societies, foreign language learning has become essential not only for communication but also for social cohesion and professional advancement. Distance education has emerged as a flexible and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ariadni Mandala , Alexandros Gazis , Theodoros Vavouras