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Analysing translation quality in regards to specific linguistic phenomena has historically been difficult and time-consuming. Neural machine translation has the attractive property that it can produce scores for arbitrary translations, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Rico Sennrich

Confidence calibration, which aims to make model predictions equal to the true correctness measures, is important for neural machine translation (NMT) because it is able to offer useful indicators of translation errors in the generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Shuo Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Shuming Shi , Yang Liu

Recently many efforts have been devoted to interpreting the black-box NMT models, but little progress has been made on metrics to evaluate explanation methods. Word Alignment Error Rate can be used as such a metric that matches human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Jierui Li , Lemao Liu , Huayang Li , Guanlin Li , Guoping Huang , Shuming Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in automated code translation. While prior work has focused on improving translation accuracy through advanced prompting and iterative repair, the reliability of the underlying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fazle Rabbi , Soumit Kanti Saha , Jinqiu Yang

Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated their strong ability in the field of machine translation (MT), yet they suffer from high computational cost and latency. Therefore, transferring translation knowledge from giant LLMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Jiahuan Li , Shanbo Cheng , Shujian Huang , Jiajun Chen

Machine translation quality has steadily improved over the years, achieving near-perfect translations in recent benchmarks. These high-quality outputs make it difficult to distinguish between state-of-the-art models and to identify areas…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Lorenzo Proietti , Stefano Perrella , Vilém Zouhar , Roberto Navigli , Tom Kocmi

Although measuring intrinsic quality has been a key factor in the advancement of Machine Translation (MT), successfully deploying MT requires considering not just intrinsic quality but also the user experience, including aspects such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Marianna J. Martindale , Marine Carpuat

While achieving state-of-the-art results in multiple tasks and languages, translation-based cross-lingual transfer is often overlooked in favour of massively multilingual pre-trained encoders. Arguably, this is due to its main limitations:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-26 Edoardo Maria Ponti , Julia Kreutzer , Ivan Vulić , Siva Reddy

Accurate terminology translation is crucial for ensuring the practicality and reliability of neural machine translation (NMT) systems. To address this, lexically constrained NMT explores various methods to ensure pre-specified words and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Gyubok Lee , Seongjun Yang , Edward Choi

Recent research suggests that neural machine translation (MT) in the news domain has reached human-level performance, but for other professional domains, it is far below the level. In this paper, we conduct a fine-grained systematic human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Ming Liu , He Zhang , Guanhao Wu

Recent machine translation (MT) metrics calibrate their effectiveness by correlating with human judgement but without any insights about their behaviour across different error types. Challenge sets are used to probe specific dimensions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Nikita Moghe , Arnisa Fazla , Chantal Amrhein , Tom Kocmi , Mark Steedman , Alexandra Birch , Rico Sennrich , Liane Guillou

As Machine Translation (MT) becomes increasingly commonplace, understanding how the general public perceives and relies on imperfect MT is crucial for contextualizing MT research in real-world applications. We present a human study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yimin Xiao , Yongle Zhang , Dayeon Ki , Calvin Bao , Marianna J. Martindale , Charlotte Vaughn , Ge Gao , Marine Carpuat

Automatic metrics for evaluating translation quality are typically validated by measuring how well they correlate with human assessments. However, correlation methods tend to capture only the ability of metrics to differentiate between good…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Sweta Agrawal , António Farinhas , Ricardo Rei , André F. T. Martins

A good evaluation framework should evaluate multimodal machine translation (MMT) models by measuring 1) their use of visual information to aid in the translation task and 2) their ability to translate complex sentences such as done for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Vipin Vijayan , Braeden Bowen , Scott Grigsby , Timothy Anderson , Jeremy Gwinnup

We propose a novel methodology (namely, MuLER) that transforms any reference-based evaluation metric for text generation, such as machine translation (MT) into a fine-grained analysis tool. Given a system and a metric, MuLER quantifies how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Taelin Karidi , Leshem Choshen , Gal Patel , Omri Abend

Unsupervised cross-lingual pretraining has achieved strong results in neural machine translation (NMT), by drastically reducing the need for large parallel data. Most approaches adapt masked-language modeling (MLM) to sequence-to-sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Christos Baziotis , Ivan Titov , Alexandra Birch , Barry Haddow

In this work, we introduce instruction finetuning for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models, which distills instruction following capabilities from Large Language Models (LLMs) into orders-of-magnitude smaller NMT models. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Vikas Raunak , Roman Grundkiewicz , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

Interest in neural machine translation has grown rapidly as its effectiveness has been demonstrated across language and data scenarios. New research regularly introduces architectural and algorithmic improvements that lead to significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-30 Michael Denkowski , Graham Neubig

Existing neural machine translation (NMT) studies mainly focus on developing dataset-specific models based on data from different tasks (e.g., document translation and chat translation). Although the dataset-specific models have achieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Jinan Xu , Jiaan Wang , Yufeng Chen , Jie Zhou

In recent years, the non-deterministic properties of language models have garnered considerable attention and have shown a significant influence on real-world applications. However, such properties remain under-explored in machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Weichuan Wang , Mingyang Liu , Linqi Song , Chen Ma