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An interesting question to explore in physics classes is whether gravity violates the second law of thermodynamics. Standard physics textbooks provide little to no discussion of the relationship between entropy and gravity, and the same is…
We consider a collapsing sphere and discuss its evolution under the vanishing expansion scalar in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity. The fluid is assumed to be locally anisotropic which evolves adiabatically. To study the dynamics of the…
As a point of departure it is suggested that Quantum Cosmology is a topological concept independent from metrical constraints. Methods of continuous topological evolution and topological thermodynamics are used to construct a cosmological…
It has previously been shown that it is more general to describe the evolution of the universe based on the emergence of the space and the energy balance relation. Here we investigate the thermodynamic properties of the universe described…
Despite the importance of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, it is not absolute. Statistical mechanics implies that, given sufficient time, systems near equilibrium will spontaneously fluctuate into lower-entropy states, locally reversing…
We study dynamics of a locally conserved energy in ergodic, local many-body quantum systems on a lattice with no additional symmetry. The resulting dynamics is well approximated by a coarse grained, classical linear functional diffusion…
Recently, Elouard and Lombard Latune [PRX Quantum 4, 020309 (2023)] claimed to extend the laws of thermodynamics to "arbitrary quantum systems" valid "at any scale" using "consistent" definitions allowing them to "recover known results"…
We show how the dependence of phase space volume $\Omega(N)$ of a classical system on its size $N$ uniquely determines its extensive entropy. We give a concise criterion when this entropy is not of Boltzmann-Gibbs type but has to assume a…
We develop a cosmological theory in which the evolution of the universe is controlled by the cosmological constant and dominated by the associated vacuum energy. The universe starts as a classical de Sitter space with an infinite effective…
We investigate a class of cosmological solutions of Einstein's field equations in higher dimensions with a cosmological constant and an ideal fluid matter distribution as a source. We discuss the dynamical evolution of the universe subject…
In this paper we first construct a mathematical model for the Universe expansion that started up with the original Big Bang. Next, we discuss the problematic of the mechanical and physical laws invariance regarding the spatial frame…
One of the challenges of constructing a successful cyclic universe scenario is to be able to incorporate the second law of thermodynamics which typically leads to Tolman's problem of ever shrinking cycles. In this paper we construct a…
We propose a new form of the Second Law inequality that defines a tight bound for extractable work from the non-equilibrium quantum state. In classical thermodynamics, the optimal work is given by the difference of free energy, what…
We derive a generalization of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that uses Bayesian updates to explicitly incorporate the effects of a measurement of a system at some point in its evolution. By allowing an experimenter's knowledge to be…
Cosmological adiabatic particle creation results in the generation of irreversible entropy. The evolution of this entropy is examined in a flat Friedmann--Robertson--Walker universe at late times, using a dissipative model with a power-law…
In the classical regime, thermodynamic state transformations are governed by the free energy. This is also called as the second law of thermodynamics. Previous works showed that, access to a catalytic system allows us to restore the second…
We explore the derivation of the Friedmann equations from a thermodynamic perspective, applying the unified first law of thermodynamics to the apparent horizon of a flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe. We extend this…
We propose a novel definition of life in terms of which its emergence in the universe is expected, and its ever-creative open-ended evolution is entailed by no law. Living organisms are Kantian Wholes that achieve Catalytic Closure,…
The recent research on the connection between gravity and thermodynamics suggests that gravity could be an emergent phenomenon. Following this, Padmanabhan proposed a novel idea that the expansion of the universe can be interpreted as…
This work is to study the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics in tachyon cosmology where the boundary of the universe is assumed to be enclosed by a dynamical apparent horizon. The model is constrained with the observational…