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Catastrophic forgetting, the phenomenon in which a neural network loses previously obtained knowledge during the learning of new tasks, poses a significant challenge in continual learning. The Hard-Attention-to-the-Task (HAT) mechanism has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xiaotian Duan

In many real-world scenarios, data to train machine learning models becomes available over time. Unfortunately, these models struggle to continually learn new concepts without forgetting what has been learnt in the past. This phenomenon is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Beyza Ermis , Giovanni Zappella , Martin Wistuba , Aditya Rawal , Cedric Archambeau

Deep learning models generally display catastrophic forgetting when learning new data continuously. Many incremental learning approaches address this problem by reusing data from previous tasks while learning new tasks. However, the direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Young Jo Choi , Min Kyoon Yoo , Yu Rang Park

We propose a method for tackling catastrophic forgetting in deep reinforcement learning that is \textit{agnostic} to the timescale of changes in the distribution of experiences, does not require knowledge of task boundaries, and can adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Christos Kaplanis , Murray Shanahan , Claudia Clopath

Humans can learn in a continuous manner. Old rarely utilized knowledge can be overwritten by new incoming information while important, frequently used knowledge is prevented from being erased. In artificial learning systems, lifelong…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Rahaf Aljundi , Francesca Babiloni , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Marcus Rohrbach , Tinne Tuytelaars

A large body of research in continual learning is devoted to overcoming the catastrophic forgetting of neural networks by designing new algorithms that are robust to the distribution shifts. However, the majority of these works are strictly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Seyed Iman Mirzadeh , Arslan Chaudhry , Dong Yin , Timothy Nguyen , Razvan Pascanu , Dilan Gorur , Mehrdad Farajtabar

Wearable-based Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is a key task in human-centric machine learning due to its fundamental understanding of human behaviours. Due to the dynamic nature of human behaviours, continual learning promises HAR systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Chi Ian Tang , Lorena Qendro , Dimitris Spathis , Fahim Kawsar , Akhil Mathur , Cecilia Mascolo

Continual learning research has shown that neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting "at the output level", but it is debated whether this is also the case at the level of learned representations. Multiple recent studies ascribe…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Timm Hess , Eli Verwimp , Gido M. van de Ven , Tinne Tuytelaars

Large language models exhibit remarkable performance across diverse tasks through pre-training and fine-tuning paradigms. However, continual fine-tuning on sequential tasks induces catastrophic forgetting, where newly acquired knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Olaf Yunus Laitinen Imanov

Catastrophic forgetting (CF) happens whenever a neural network overwrites past knowledge while being trained on new tasks. Common techniques to handle CF include regularization of the weights (using, e.g., their importance on past tasks),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Aurelio Uncini

We study the relationship between catastrophic forgetting and properties of task sequences. In particular, given a sequence of tasks, we would like to understand which properties of this sequence influence the error rates of continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Cuong V. Nguyen , Alessandro Achille , Michael Lam , Tal Hassner , Vijay Mahadevan , Stefano Soatto

This book chapter delves into the dynamics of continual learning, which is the process of incrementally learning from a non-stationary stream of data. Although continual learning is a natural skill for the human brain, it is very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Gido M. van de Ven , Nicholas Soures , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

We study class-incremental learning, a training setup in which new classes of data are observed over time for the model to learn from. Despite the straightforward problem formulation, the naive application of classification models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Ahmet Iscen , Thomas Bird , Mathilde Caron , Alireza Fathi , Cordelia Schmid

Inspired by the phenomenon of catastrophic forgetting, we investigate the learning dynamics of neural networks as they train on single classification tasks. Our goal is to understand whether a related phenomenon occurs when data does not…

Despite recent efforts, neural networks still struggle to learn in non-stationary environments, and our understanding of catastrophic forgetting (CF) is far from complete. In this work, we perform a systematic study on the impact of model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Jacopo Graldi , Alessandro Breccia , Giulia Lanzillotta , Thomas Hofmann , Lorenzo Noci

In the literature, many continual learning (CL) algorithms have been proposed to address the issue of catastrophic forgetting in ML models (i.e., learning new tasks leads to the loss of performance on previously learned tasks). Although all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Srijith Nair , Atilla Eryilmaz , Jia , Liu

Many real-world applications require machine-learning models to be able to deal with non-stationary data distributions and thus learn autonomously over an extended period of time, often in an online setting. One of the main challenges in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Giuseppe Serra , Ben Werner , Florian Buettner

Catastrophic failures are complete and sudden collapses in the activity of large networks such as economics, electrical power grids and computer networks, which typically require a manual recovery process. Here we experimentally show that…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-07-21 Shira Sardi , Amir Goldental , Hamutal Amir , Roni Vardi , Ido Kanter

Deep neural networks are known to suffer the catastrophic forgetting problem, where they tend to forget the knowledge from the previous tasks when sequentially learning new tasks. Such failure hinders the application of deep learning based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Junfeng Wen , Yanshuai Cao , Ruitong Huang

We explore the training dynamics of neural networks in a structured non-IID setting where documents are presented cyclically in a fixed, repeated sequence. Typically, networks suffer from catastrophic interference when training on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yanlai Yang , Matt Jones , Michael C. Mozer , Mengye Ren