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Combining multiple events into population analyses is a cornerstone of gravitational-wave astronomy. A critical component of such studies is the assumed population model, which can range from astrophysically motivated functional forms to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-21 Cecilia Maria Fabbri , Davide Gerosa , Alessandro Santini , Matthew Mould , Alexandre Toubiana , Jonathan Gair

Gravitational-wave population studies have become more important in gravitational-wave astronomy because of the rapid growth of the observed catalog. In recent studies, emulators based on different machine learning techniques are used to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-04 Damon H. T. Cheung , Kaze W. K. Wong , Otto A. Hannuksela , Tjonnie G. F. Li , Shirley Ho

Gravitational-wave observations of quasicircular compact binary mergers imply complicated posterior measurements of their parameters. Though Gaussian approximations to the pertinent likelihoods have decades of history in the field, the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-08 Vera Delfavero , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Daniel Wysocki , Anjali Yelikar

As the number of gravitational-wave transient detections grows, the inclusion of marginally significant events in gravitational-wave catalogs will lead to increasing contamination from false positives. In this paper, we address the question…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-28 Shanika Galaudage , Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane

The Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) has been the standard approximation to the accuracy of parameter estimation on gravitational-wave signals from merging compact binaries due to its ease-of-use and rapid computation time. While the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-30 Carl L. Rodriguez , Benjamin Farr , Will M. Farr , Ilya Mandel

We present a new Python package, gwbench, implementing the well-established Fisher information formalism as a fast and straightforward tool for the purpose of gravitational-wave benchmarking, i.e. the estimation of signal-to-noise ratios…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-31 Ssohrab Borhanian

Inspiralling black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) binaries emit a complicated gravitational wave signature, produced by multiple harmonics sourced by their strong local gravitational field and further modulated by the orbital plane's precession.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-27 Hee-Suk Cho , Evan Ochsner , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Chunglee Kim , Chang-Hwan Lee

We quantify the impact of finite catalog size, or "catalog variance," on current gravitational-wave population analyses. The distribution of merging binary black holes is commonly reconstructed via hierarchical Bayesian inference, with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Alessia Corelli , Davide Gerosa , Matthew Mould , Cecilia Maria Fabbri

Theoretical studies in gravitational wave astronomy have mostly focused on the information that can be extracted from individual detections, such as the mass of a binary system and its location in space. Here we consider how the information…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-30 Matthew Adams , Neil Cornish , Tyson Littenberg

The Fisher information matrix is a quantity of fundamental importance for information geometry and asymptotic statistics. In practice, it is widely used to quickly estimate the expected information available in a data set and guide…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-06 William R. Coulton , Benjamin D. Wandelt

Future ground-based and space-borne interferometric gravitational-wave detectors may capture between tens and thousands of binary coalescence events per year. There is a significant and growing body of work on the estimation of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-04-23 Ilya Mandel

The growing number of gravitational-wave (GW) observations allows for constraints to be placed on the underlying population of black holes; current estimates show that black hole spins are small, with binaries more likely to have comparable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-28 Charlie Hoy

We present a Fisher-matrix forecast for the detectability of a stochastic gravitational wave background generated by a first-order phase transition in the early universe. We use the DECIGO and LISA missions as reference cases. The source…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-07 Diego Rios , William H. Kinney

The Fisher matrix (FM) has been generally used to predict the accuracy of the gravitational wave parameter estimation. Although a limitation of the FM has been well known, it is still mainly used due to its very low computational cost…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-21 Hee-Suk Cho , Chang-Hwan Lee

The accuracy of Bayesian inference can be negatively affected by the use of inaccurate forward models. In the case of gravitational-wave inference, accurate but computationally expensive waveform models are sometimes substituted with faster…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-02 Miaoxin Liu , Xiao-Dong Li , Alvin J. K. Chua

A common technique for detection of gravitational-wave signals is searching for excess power in frequency-time maps of gravitational-wave detector data. In the event of a detection, model selection and parameter estimation will be performed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Michael Coughlin , Nelson Christensen , Jonathan Gair , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Eric Thrane

Gravitational wave (GW) observations probe both a diffuse, stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) as well as individual cataclysmic events such as the merger of two compact objects. The detection and description of the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Eleanor Gleave , Andrew Jaffe

Unlike ground-based gravitational wave detectors, space-based gravitational wave detectors can detect the ringdown signals from massive black hole mergers with large signal-to-noise ratios, help to localize sources and extract their…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 Chunyu Zhang , Yungui Gong , Chao Zhang

Massive black hole binaries are the primary source of gravitational waves (GW) for the future eLISA observatory. The detection and parameter estimation of these sources to high redshift would provide invaluable information on the formation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-27 Edward K. Porter , Neil J. Cornish

Shortly after a new class of objects is discovered, the attention shifts from the properties of the individual sources to the question of their origin: do all sources come from the same underlying population, or several populations are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-07 Salvatore Vitale , Davide Gerosa , Will M. Farr , Stephen R. Taylor