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For common notions of correlated equilibrium in extensive-form games, computing an optimal (e.g., welfare-maximizing) equilibrium is NP-hard. Other equilibrium notions -- communication (Forges 1986) and certification (Forges & Koessler…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Brian Hu Zhang , Tuomas Sandholm

The sharing of scarce resources among multiple rational agents is one of the classical problems in economics. In exchange economies, which are used to model such situations, agents begin with an initial endowment of resources and exchange…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Wenshuo Guo , Kirthevasan Kandasamy , Joseph E Gonzalez , Michael I. Jordan , Ion Stoica

Mean Field Games (MFG) are the class of games with a very large number of agents and the standard equilibrium concept is a Mean Field Equilibrium (MFE). Algorithms for learning MFE in dynamic MFGs are unknown in general. Our focus is on an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-02 Kiyeob Lee , Desik Rengarajan , Dileep Kalathil , Srinivas Shakkottai

Infinitely repeated games can support cooperative outcomes that are not equilibria in the one-shot game. The idea is to make sure that any gains from deviating will be offset by retaliation in future rounds. However, this model of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Ratip Emin Berker , Vincent Conitzer

Extensive-Form Game (EFG) represents a fundamental model for analyzing sequential interactions among multiple agents and the primary challenge to solve it lies in mitigating sample complexity. Existing research indicated that Double Oracle…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xiaohang Tang , Chiyuan Wang , Chengdong Ma , Ilija Bogunovic , Stephen McAleer , Yaodong Yang

Nash equilibrium (NE) assumes that players always make a best response. However, this is not always true; sometimes people cooperate even it is not a best response to do so. For example, in the Prisoner's Dilemma, people often cooperate.…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Nan Rong , Joseph Y. Halpern

The sim-to-real gap, where agents trained in a simulator face significant performance degradation during testing, is a fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning. Extansive works adopt the framework of distributionally robust RL, to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-12 Zewu Zheng , Yuanyuan Lin

Driven by recent successes in two-player, zero-sum game solving and playing, artificial intelligence work on games has increasingly focused on algorithms that produce equilibrium-based strategies. However, this approach has been less…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Dustin Morrill , Ryan D'Orazio , Reca Sarfati , Marc Lanctot , James R. Wright , Amy Greenwald , Michael Bowling

The current state of the art in playing many important perfect information games, including Chess and Go, combines planning and deep reinforcement learning with self-play. We extend this approach to imperfect information games and present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Andy Kitchen , Michela Benedetti

We propose a new framework for meritocratic fairness in budgeted combinatorial multi-armed bandits with full-bandit feedback (BCMAB-FBF). Unlike semi-bandit feedback, the contribution of individual arms is not received in full-bandit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Shradha Sharma , Swapnil Dhamal , Shweta Jain

The problem of matching markets has been studied for a long time in the literature due to its wide range of applications. Finding a stable matching is a common equilibrium objective in this problem. Since market participants are usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Fang Kong , Shuai Li

We address the problem of learning in an online, bandit setting where the learner must repeatedly select among $K$ actions, but only receives partial feedback based on its choices. We establish two new facts: First, using a new algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-10-28 Alina Beygelzimer , John Langford , Lihong Li , Lev Reyzin , Robert E. Schapire

We study the problem of information sharing and cooperation in Multi-Player Multi-Armed bandits. We propose the first algorithm that achieves logarithmic regret for this problem when the collision reward is unknown. Our results are based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Aldo Pacchiano , Peter Bartlett , Michael I. Jordan

Equilibrium learning in adversarial games is an important topic widely examined in the fields of game theory and reinforcement learning (RL). Pursuit-evasion game (PEG), as an important class of real-world games from the fields of robotics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Runyu Lu , Peng Zhang , Ruochuan Shi , Yuanheng Zhu , Dongbin Zhao , Yang Liu , Dong Wang , Cesare Alippi

We study decentralized equilibrium selection in stochastic games under severe information and communication constraints. In such settings, convergence to equilibrium alone is insufficient, as stochastic games typically admit many equilibria…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Seref Taha Kiremitci , Ahmed Said Donmez , Muhammed O. Sayin

High-quality information set abstraction remains a core challenge in solving large-scale imperfect-information extensive-form games (IIEFGs)--such as no-limit Texas Hold'em--where the finite nature of spatial resources hinders solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yanchang Fu , Shengda Liu , Pei Xu , Kaiqi Huang

Non-cooperative dynamic game theory provides a principled approach to modeling sequential decision-making among multiple noncommunicative agents. A key focus has been on finding Nash equilibria in two-agent zero-sum dynamic games under…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kushagra Gupta , Ross Allen , David Fridovich-Keil , Ufuk Topcu

In-context reinforcement learning (ICRL) promises fast adaptation to unseen environments without parameter updates, but current methods either cannot improve beyond the training distribution or require near-optimal data, limiting practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Anaïs Berkes , Vincent Taboga , Donna Vakalis , David Rolnick , Yoshua Bengio

Federated learning is a setting where agents, each with access to their own data source, combine models from local data to create a global model. If agents are drawing their data from different distributions, though, federated learning…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Kate Donahue , Jon Kleinberg

We study $n$-player turn-based games played on a finite directed graph. For each play, the players have to pay a cost that they want to minimize. Instead of the well-known notion of Nash equilibrium (NE), we focus on the notion of subgame…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-04-13 Thomas Brihaye , Véronique Bruyère , Noémie Meunier , Jean-François Raskin