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With the great development of parallel computing techniques, the particle-particle (PP) model has been successfully applied in a number of plasma applications. Comparing to particle-mesh (PM) models, for example the widely used…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Yanan Zhang , Xiaochun Ma , Hui Liu , Yinjian Zhao

The Energy Conserving semi-implicit method (ECsim), presented by Lapenta in 2017, is a Particle in Cell (PIC) algorithm for the simulation of plasmas. Energy conservation is achieved within a semi-implicit formulation that does not require…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Giovanni Lapenta

Probabilistic integral circuits (PICs) have been recently introduced as probabilistic models enjoying the key ingredient behind expressive generative models: continuous latent variables (LVs). PICs are symbolic computational graphs defining…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Gennaro Gala , Cassio de Campos , Antonio Vergari , Erik Quaeghebeur

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are unusual solutions of wave equations describing light or matter: they are discrete and spatially bounded, but exist at the same energy as a continuum of states which propagate to infinity. Until…

Optics · Physics 2014-12-24 Bo Zhen , Chia Wei Hsu , Ling Lu , A. Doug Stone , Marin Soljacic

Energy conserving particle-in-cell schemes are constructed for a class of reduced relativistic Vlasov--Maxwell equations of laser-plasma interaction. Discrete Poisson equation is also satisfied by the numerical solution. Specifically,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-30 Yingzhe Li

The quasi-neutral hybrid model with kinetic ions and fluid electrons is a promising approach for bridging the inherent multi-scale nature of many problems in space and laboratory plasmas. Here, a novel, implicit, particle-in-cell based…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 A. Stanier , L. Chacón , G. Chen

Probabilistic inference provides a language for describing how organisms may learn from and adapt to their environment. The computations needed to implement probabilistic inference often require specific representations, akin to having the…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-06-28 Yarden Katz , Michael Springer , Walter Fontana

Large-scale simulations of plasmas are essential for advancing our understanding of fusion devices, space, and astrophysical systems. Particle-in-Cell (PIC) codes have demonstrated their success in simulating numerous plasma phenomena on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Steven W. D. Chien , Jonas Nylund , Gabriel Bengtsson , Ivy B. Peng , Artur Podobas , Stefano Markidis

We devise and explore an iterative optimization procedure for controlling particle populations in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes via merging and splitting of computational macro-particles. Our approach, is to compute an optimal representation…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-01 J. Trier Frederiksen , G. Lapenta , M. E. Pessah

This paper presents a particle-based optimization method designed for addressing minimization problems with equality constraints, particularly in cases where the loss function exhibits non-differentiability or non-convexity. The proposed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-31 José A. Carrillo , Shi Jin , Haoyu Zhang , Yuhua Zhu

We present a systematic evaluation of representation learning objectives for particle physics within a unified framework. Our study employs a shared transformer-based particle-cloud encoder with standardized preprocessing, matched sampling,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Michael Chen , Raghav Kansal , Abhijith Gandrakota , Zichun Hao , Jennifer Ngadiuba , Maria Spiropulu

We introduce a binary embedding framework, called Proximity Preserving Code (PPC), which learns similarity and dissimilarity between data points to create a compact and affinity-preserving binary code. This code can be used to apply fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Inbal Lav , Shai Avidan , Yoram Singer , Yacov Hel-Or

JAX-in-Cell is a fully electromagnetic, multispecies, and relativistic 1D3V Particle-in-Cell (PIC) framework implemented entirely in JAX. It provides a modern, Python-based alternative to traditional PIC frameworks. It leverages…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Longyu Ma , Rogerio Jorge , Hongke Lu , Aaron Tran , Christopher Woolford

A fundamental task in particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of plasma physics is solving for charged particle motion in electromagnetic fields. This problem is especially challenging when the plasma is strongly magnetized due to numerical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Tri P. Nguyen , Ilon Joseph , Mayya Tokman

The present paper is devoted to the convergence analysis of an asymptotic preserving particle scheme designed to serve as a particle pusher in a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method for the Vlasov equation with a strong inhomogeneous magnetic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Francis Filbet , L Miguel Rodrigues , Kim Han Trinh

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have greatly impacted our ability to manipulate light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. However, in periodic structures, BICs are typically realized below the diffraction limit, thus leaving a broad…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-13 Ji Tong Wang , Nicolae C. Panoiu

The Landau collision integral is often considered the gold standard in the context of kinetic plasma simulation due to its conservative properties, despite challenges involved in its discretization. The primary challenge when implementing…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2023-06-23 Joseph Pusztay , Filippo Zonta , Matt Knepley , Mark Adams

We design and develop a new Particle-in-Cell (PIC) method for plasma simulations using Deep-Learning (DL) to calculate the electric field from the electron phase space. We train a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and a Convolutional Neural…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Xavier Aguilar , Stefano Markidis

This paper proposes a new approach to deriving a finite particle content, suitable for the construction of a gauge theory. Specifically, the outlined construction generates a finite set of irreducible gauge representations, which are…

General Physics · Physics 2020-10-08 Brage Gording

Optimizing iPIC3D, an implicit Particle-in-Cell (PIC) code, for large-scale 3D plasma simulations is crucial for space and astrophysical applications. This work focuses on characterizing iPIC3D's communication efficiency through strategic…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Jeremy J. Williams , Daniel Medeiros , Ivy B. Peng , Stefano Markidis
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