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Porous electrodes{made of hierarchically nanostructured materials{are omnipresent in various electrochemical energy technologies from batteries and supercapacitors to sensors and electrocatalysis. Modeling the system-level macroscopic…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-02-03 Anis Allagui , Hachemi Benaoum

Electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), consisting of an ionic fluid between two metallic electrodes, are electrochemical energy storage devices complementary to batteries, allowing for a faster charge/discharge. The charging dynamics in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-19 Megh Dutta , Ivan Palaia , Emmanuel Trizac , Benjamin Rotenberg

The response of a model micro-electrochemical system to a time-dependent applied voltage is analyzed. The article begins with a fresh historical review including electrochemistry, colloidal science, and microfluidics. The model problem…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Martin Z. Bazant , Katsuyo Thornton , Armand Ajdari

A parallel plate capacitor containing an electrolytic solution is the simplest model of a supercapacitor, or electric double layer capacitor. Using both analytical and numerical techniques, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations for…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-02 Ivan Palaia , Adelchi J. Asta , Megh Dutta , Patrick B. Warren , Benjamin Rotenberg , Emmanuel Trizac

Understanding ion relaxation dynamics in overlapping electric double layers (EDLs) is critical for the development of efficient nanotechnology based electrochemical energy storage, electrochemomechanical energy conversion and…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2014-11-04 Vaibhav Thakore , James J. Hickman

The rapid charging and/or discharging of electrochemical cells can lead to localized depletion of electrolyte concentration. This depletion can significantly impact the system's time dependent resistance. For systems with porous electrodes,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-12-27 James W. Palko , Ali Hemmatifar , Juan G. Santiago

Supercapacitors are promising electrochemical energy storage devices due to their prominent performance in rapid charging/discharging rates, long cycle life, stability, etc. Experimental measurement and theoretical prediction on charging…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-05-31 Lijie Ji , Zhenli Xu , Shenggao Zhou

A charged parallel plate capacitor will create particle-antiparticle pairs by the Schwinger process and discharge over time. We consider the full quantum discharge process in 1+1 dimensions including backreaction, when the electric field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-10-09 Yi-Zen Chu , Tanmay Vachaspati

The split-charge equilibration method is extended to describe dissipative charge transfer similarly as the Drude model, whereby the generic frequency-dependent dielectric permitivitties or conductivities of dielectrics and metals can be…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-10-02 Martin H. Müser

We consider the one-dimensional $XX$-model in a quasi-periodic transverse-field described by the Harper potential, which is equivalent to a tight-binding model of spinless fermions with a quasi-periodic chemical potential. For weak…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-11-26 Gergö Roósz , Uma Divakaran , Heiko Rieger , Ferenc Iglói

The decay of the electrical energy in a resistor-vacuum capacitor circuit is shown to involve multiple relaxation processes, with dramatically different time constants. This is measured using a vacuum capacitor to eliminate the effect of a…

General Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Frank V. Kowalski

We analyze the simplest problem of electrochemical relaxation in more than one dimension - the response of an uncharged, ideally polarizable metallic sphere (or cylinder) in a symmetric, binary electrolyte to a uniform electric field. In…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 Kevin T. Chu , Martin Z. Bazant

The von Neumann entropy of various quantum dissipative models is calculated in order to discuss the entanglement properties of these systems. First, integrable quantum dissipative models are discussed, i.e., the quantum Brownian motion and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Stauber , F. Guinea

A diffuse interface (phase field) model for an electrochemical system is developed. We describe the minimal set of components needed to model an electrochemical interface and present a variational derivation of the governing equations. With…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 J. E. Guyer , W. J. Boettinger , J. A. Warren , G. B. McFadden

The development of novel electrolytes and electrodes for supercapacitors is hindered by a gap of several orders of magnitude between experimentally measured and theoretically predicted charging timescales. Here, we propose an electrode…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2020-02-26 Cheng Lian , Mathijs Janssen , Honglai Liu , René van Roij

Conducting Polymer Dendrites (CPD) are truly inspiring for unconventional electronics that shapes topological circuitries evolving upon an application. Driven by electrochemical processes, an electrochemical impedance rules signal…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Antoine Baron , Enrique Hernández-Balaguera , Sébastien Pecqueur

An electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) stores energy by modulating the spatial distribution of ions in the electrolytic solution that it contains. We determine the mean-field time scales for planar EDLC relaxation to equilibrium, after a…

The relaxation properties of dielectric materials are described, in the frequency domain, according to one of the several models proposed over the years: Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts, Cole-Cole, Cole-Davidson, Havriliak-Negami (with its…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 Roberto Garrappa , Francesco Mainardi , Guido Maione

This paper deals with the analysis of nonlinear circuits that interconnect passive elements (capacitors, inductors, and resistors) with nonlinear resistors exhibiting a range of $\it{negative}$ resistance. Such active elements are necessary…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-30 Felix A. Miranda-Villatoro , Fulvio Forni , Rodolphe Sepulchre

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a non-invasive technique widely used for understanding charge transfer and charge transport processes in electrochemical systems and devices. Standard approaches for the interpretation of EIS…

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