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In this work we use solar observations with the ALMA radio telescope at the wavelength of 1.21 mm. The aim of the analysis is to improve understanding of the solar chromosphere, a dynamic layer in the solar atmosphere between the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-19 R. Brajša , D. Sudar , I. Skokic , A. O. Benz , M. Kuhar , A. Kobelski , S. Wedemeyer , S. M. White , H. -G. Ludwig , M. Temmer , S. H. Saar , C. L. Selhorst

Proton auroras are widely observed on the dayside of Mars, identified as a significant intensity enhancement in the hydrogen Lyman alpha (121.6 nm) emission between 110 - 150 km altitudes. Solar wind protons penetrating as energetic neutral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-25 Dattaraj B. Dhuri , Dimitra Atri , Ahmed AlHantoobi

We use state-of-the-art, three-dimensional non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the quiet solar atmosphere to carry out detailed tests of chromospheric magnetic field diagnostics from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-26 Maria Loukitcheva , Stephen M. White , Sami K. Solanki , Gregory D. Fleishman , Mats Carlsson

We investigate the morphology and temporal variability of a quiet Sun network region in different solar layers. The emission in several EUV spectral lines through both raster and slot time series, recorded by EIS/Hinode is studied along…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-26 Ioannis Kontogiannis , Costis Gontikakis , Georgia Tsiropoula , Kostas Tziotziou

How much energy do solar active regions (ARs) typically radiate during quiescent periods? This is a fundamental question for storage and release models of flares and ARs, yet it is presently poorly answered by observations. Here we use the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-30 Maria D. Kazachenko , Hugh Hudson

In stratified atmospheres, acoustic waves can only propagate if their frequency is above the cutoff value. Different theories provide different cutoff values. We developed an alternative method to derive the cutoff frequency in several…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-29 T. Felipe , C. R. Sangeetha

The Ha line, one of the most studied chromospheric diagnostics, is a tracer for magnetic field structures, while its line core intensity provides an estimate of the mass density. The brightness temperatures from Atacama Large…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-29 Sneha Pandit , Sven Wedemeyer , Mats Carlsson , Mikołaj Szydlarski

Statistical properties of the Sun's photospheric turbulent magnetic field, especially those of the Active Regions (ARs), have been studied using the line-of-sight data from magnetograms taken by SOHO and several other instruments (see e.g.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-07-17 Shiva Kumar. Malapaka , Wolf-Christian Mueller

Solar corona is much hotter than lower layers of the solar atmosphere-photosphere and chromosphere. The coronal temperature is up to 1MK in quiet sun areas, while up to several MK in active regions, which implies a key role of magnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-24 Gregory D. Fleishman , Alexey A. Kuznetsov , Gelu M. Nita

We aim to investigate the spatial location of the source of an active region (AR) jet and its relation with associated nonthermal type~III radio emission. An emission measure (EM) method was used to study the thermodynamic nature of the AR…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-01 Sargam M. Mulay , Rohit Sharma , Gherardo Valori , Alberto M. Vásquez , Giulio Del Zanna , Helen Mason , Divya Oberoi

By direct measurements of the gas temperature, the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) has yielded a new diagnostic tool to study the solar chromosphere. Here we present an overview of the brightness-temperature…

State-of-the-art MHD calculations reveal acceptable agreement with observational data for the height profile of the temperature $T(h)$ in the transition region of solar corona. Simultaneously, the velocity of the solar wind $U(h)$ has also…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 A. M. Varonov

Waves and oscillations are important solar phenomena, not only because they can propagate and dissipate energy in the chromosphere, but also because they carry information about the structure of the atmosphere in which they propagate. The…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-01-26 Yi Chai , Dale E. Gary , Kevin P. Reardon , Vasyl Yurchyshyn

Recent studies show that active-region (AR) upflowing plasma, observed by the EUV-Imaging Spectrometer (EIS), onboard Hinode, can gain access to open field-lines and be released into the solar wind (SW) via magnetic-interchange reconnection…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 C. H. Mandrini , F. A. Nuevo , A. M. Vásquez , P. Démoulin , L. van Driel-Gesztelyi , D. Baker , J. L. Culhane , G. D. Cristiani , M. Pick

We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the local radio emission at the lower part of the solar atmosphere. To accomplish this, we have used a numerical code to simulate the emission and transport of high frequency electromagnetic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 V. De la Luz , J. -P. Raulin , A. Lara

The solar atmosphere may be heated by Alfven waves that propagate up from the convection zone and dissipate their energy in the chromosphere and corona. To further test this theory, we consider wave heating in an active region observed on…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Asgari-Targhi , A. A. van Ballegooijen , S. R. Cranmer , E. E. DeLuca

Interferometric observations of the Sun with ALMA provide valuable diagnostic tools for studying the small-scale dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Estimations of the observability of the small-scale dynamics as a function of spatial…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-08 Henrik Eklund , Sven Wedemeyer , Mikołaj Szydlarski , Shahin Jafarzadeh

Solar flares and coronal mass ejections, originating from solar active regions (ARs), are the primary drivers of space weather and can disrupt technological systems. Forecasting efforts heavily rely on photospheric magnetic field data from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-08 Maxim Korelov , Irina Knyazeva , Evgenii Kurochkin , Nikolay Makarenko , Denis Derkach

We studied the low-frequency $\lesssim 0.5\;$h$^{-1}$ (long-period $\gtrsim 2\;$h) oscillations of active regions (ARs). The investigation is based on an analysis of a time series built from Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-22 G. Dumbadze , B. M. Shergelashvili , S. Poedts , T. V. Zaqarashvili , M. Khodachenko , P. De Causmaecker

Images of the Sun at millimeter wavelengths obtained by ALMA show a significant correspondence with the magnetograms. In this paper, we investigate this correspondence by comparing ALMA full-disk solar image taken at 1.2 mm with a SDO/HMI…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-23 I. Skokić , D. Sudar , R. Brajša