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Federated Learning (FL) confronts a significant challenge known as data heterogeneity, which impairs model performance and convergence. Existing methods have made notable progress in addressing this issue. However, improving performance in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Zhiqin Yang , Yonggang Zhang , Chenxin Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Bo Han , Yixuan Yuan

As distributed learning applications such as Federated Learning, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Edge Computing grow, it is critical to address the shortcomings of such technologies from a theoretical perspective. As an abstraction, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Sajjad Ghiasvand , Amirhossein Reisizadeh , Mahnoosh Alizadeh , Ramtin Pedarsani

Bilevel optimization has found extensive applications in modern machine learning problems such as hyperparameter optimization, neural architecture search, meta-learning, etc. While bilevel problems with a unique inner minimal point (e.g.,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-06-09 Daouda Sow , Kaiyi Ji , Ziwei Guan , Yingbin Liang

Federated learning is a popular distributed and privacy-preserving learning paradigm in machine learning. Recently, some federated learning algorithms have been proposed to solve the distributed minimax problems. However, these federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Feihu Huang , Xinrui Wang , Junyi Li , Songcan Chen

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning strategy, developed for settings where training data is owned by distributed devices and cannot be shared. FL circumvents this constraint by carrying out model training in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Maria Hartmann , Grégoire Danoy , Pascal Bouvry

As Large Language Models (LLMs) push the boundaries of AI capabilities, their demand for data is growing. Much of this data is private and distributed across edge devices, making Federated Learning (FL) a de-facto alternative for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Hanzi Mei , Dongqi Cai , Ao Zhou , Shangguang Wang , Mengwei Xu

The minimax problems arise throughout machine learning applications, ranging from adversarial training and policy evaluation in reinforcement learning to AUROC maximization. To address the large-scale data challenges across multiple clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Xidong Wu , Jianhui Sun , Zhengmian Hu , Aidong Zhang , Heng Huang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm that scales on-device learning collaboratively and privately. Standard FL algorithms such as FedAvg are primarily geared towards smooth unconstrained settings. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Honglin Yuan , Manzil Zaheer , Sashank Reddi

This paper proposes a novel federated algorithm that leverages momentum-based variance reduction with adaptive learning to address non-convex settings across heterogeneous data. We intend to minimize communication and computation overhead,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Dipanwita Thakur , Antonella Guzzo , Giancarlo Fortino , Sajal K. Das

We introduce FedSGM, a unified framework for federated constrained optimization that addresses four major challenges in federated learning (FL): functional constraints, communication bottlenecks, local updates, and partial client…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Antesh Upadhyay , Sang Bin Moon , Abolfazl Hashemi

Federated learning enables training on a massive number of edge devices. To improve flexibility and scalability, we propose a new asynchronous federated optimization algorithm. We prove that the proposed approach has near-linear convergence…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Cong Xie , Sanmi Koyejo , Indranil Gupta

Federated learning (FL) is a promising privacy-preserving machine learning paradigm over distributed located data. In FL, the data is kept locally by each user. This protects the user privacy, but also makes the server difficult to verify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Junyi Li , Jian Pei , Heng Huang

We consider a multi-agent consensus optimization problem over a server-client (federated) network, where all clients are connected to a central server. Current distributed algorithms fail to capture the heterogeneity in clients' local…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-02 Xiaochun Niu , Ermin Wei

Constrained bilevel optimization tackles nested structures present in constrained learning tasks like constrained meta-learning, adversarial learning, and distributed bilevel optimization. However, existing bilevel optimization methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-05 Wei Yao , Haian Yin , Shangzhi Zeng , Jin Zhang

Federated learning harnesses the power of distributed optimization to train a unified machine learning model across separate clients. However, heterogeneous data distributions and computational workloads can lead to inconsistent updates and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Aayushya Agarwal , Gauri Joshi , Larry Pileggi

Stochastic bilevel optimization, which captures the inherent nested structure of machine learning problems, is gaining popularity in many recent applications. Existing works on bilevel optimization mostly consider either unconstrained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Quan Xiao , Han Shen , Wotao Yin , Tianyi Chen

Composite federated learning offers a general framework for solving machine learning problems with additional regularization terms. However, existing methods often face significant limitations: many require clients to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Yuan Zhou , Jiachen Zhong , Xinli Shi , Guanghui Wen , Xinghuo Yu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements, demonstrating powerful capabilities in processing and understanding multimodal data. Fine-tuning MLLMs with Federated Learning (FL) allows for expanding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Binqian Xu , Xiangbo Shu , Haiyang Mei , Guosen Xie , Basura Fernando , Jinhui Tang

Bilevel optimization and bilevel minimax optimization have recently emerged as unifying frameworks for a range of machine-learning tasks, including hyperparameter optimization and reinforcement learning. The existing literature focuses on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Xuelin Zhang , Peipei Yuan

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a communication-efficient algorithmic framework for distributed learning across multiple agents. While standard FL formulations capture unconstrained or globally constrained problems, many practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Mohammadjavad Ebrahimi , Daniel Burbano , Farzad Yousefian