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Water Cherenov detector is a vital part in most of neutrino or cosmic ray research. As detectors grow in size, the water attenuation length (WAL) becomes increasingly essential for detector performance. It is essential to measure or monitor…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-12-05 Li Wang , Jilei Xu , Shuxiang Lu , Haoqi Lu , Zhimin Wang , Min Li , Sibo Wang , Changgen Yang , Yichen Zheng

The detection of high-energy tau neutrinos remains a critical challenge in neutrino astronomy, limited by inadequate angular resolution and sensitivity in current detectors like IceCube and KM3NeT. We present a modular water Cherenkov…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-26 Monong Yu , Yiren Chen , Lei Wang , Shiping Zhao , Xingyu Li , Qiang Yuan , Yi Zhang , Guang Yang

The High-Altitude Water-Cherenkov (HAWC) experiment is a TeV $\gamma$-ray observatory located \unit[4100]{m} above sea level on the Sierra Negra mountain in Puebla, Mexico. The detector consists of 300 water-filled tanks, each instrumented…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-14 Samuel Stephens Marinelli , Jordan Goodman

We describe here measurements with a new device, the "dichroicon," a Winston-style light concentrator built out of dichroic reflectors, which could allow large-scale neutrino detectors to sort photons by wavelength with small overall light…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-04-22 Tanner Kaptanoglu , Meng Luo , Ben Land , Amanda Bacon , Josh Klein

Gamma-ray astronomy from hundreds of GeV to PeV is confined to ground-based experiments that detect air showers induced by $\gamma$-rays entering Earth's atmosphere. While particle detector arrays feature huge detection areas, accurately…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Markus Pirke , Youngwan Son , Jonas Glombitza , Martin Schneider , Ian James Watson , Christopher van Eldik

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the world's first open observatory for very high energy gamma-rays. Around a hundred telescopes of different sizes will be used to detect the Cherenkov light that results from gamma-ray induced…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-17 A. Zech , J. -P. Amans , S. Blake , C. Boisson , C. Costille , F. De-Frondat , J. -L. Dournaux , D. Dumas , G. Fasola , T. Greenshaw , O. Hervet , J. -M. Huet , P. Laporte , C. Rulten , D. Savoie , F. Sayede , J. Schmoll , H. Sol

To characterize the signals registered by the different types of water Cherenkov detectors (WCD) used by the Latin American Giant Observatory (LAGO) Project, it is necessary to develop detailed simulations of the detector response to the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 R. Calderón , H. Asorey , L. A. Núñez

Improving the coincidence time resolution (CTR) of time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET) systems to achieve a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain or even direct positron emission imaging (dPEI) is of paramount importance…

TORCH is a novel time-of-flight detector that has been developed to provide charged-particle identification between 2 and 10 GeV/c momentum. TORCH combines arrival times from multiple Cherenkov photons produced within a 10 mm-thick quartz…

The presence of muons in air-showers initiated by cosmic ray protons and nuclei is well established as a powerful tool to separate such showers from those initiated by gamma-rays. However, so far this approach has been fully exploited only…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-10 Laura Olivera-Nieto , Alison M. W. Mitchell , Konrad Bernlöhr , James A. Hinton

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory project is proposed to study high energy gamma ray astronomy ( 40 GeV-1 PeV ) and cosmic ray physics ( 20 TeV-1 EeV ). The wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array, as a component of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 L. L. Ma , Y. X. Bai , Z. Cao , M. J. Chen , L. H. Chen , S. Z. Chen , Y. Chen , K. Q. Ding , H. H. He , J. Liu , J. L. Liu , X. X. Li , X. H. Ma , X. D. Sheng , G. Xiao , M. Zha , S. S. Zhang , Y. Zhang , J. Zhao , B. Zhou

A proximity focusing ring imaging Cherenkov detector using aerogel as the radiator has been studied for an upgrade of the Belle detector at the KEK-B-factory. We constructed a prototype Cherenkov counter using a 4 x 4 array of 64-channel…

The performance of a prototype Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector is studied using a charged particle beam. The detector performance, using CF4 and air as radiators, is described. Cherenkov angle precision and photoelectron yield using hybrid…

We have studied the distribution patterns of lateral density, arrival time and angular position of Cherenkov photons generated in Extensive Air Showers (EASs) initiated by $\gamma$-ray, proton and iron primaries incident with various…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-15 G. S. Das , P. Hazarika , U. D. Goswami

Understanding the optical properties of various components in water Cherenkov (WC) neutrino experiments is essential for accurate detector characterization, which is critical for precise measurements. Of particular importance is the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-05-12 Deepak Tiwari

Using aerogel as radiator and multianode PMTs for photon detection, a proximity focusing Cherenkov ring imaging detector has been constructed and tested in the KEK $\pi$2 beam. The aim is to experimentally study the basic parameters such as…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-01-09 I. Adachi , I. Bizjak , A. Gorisek , T. Iijima , M. Iwamoto , S. Korpar , P. Krizan , R. Pestotnik , M. Staric , A. Stanovnik , T. Sumiyoshi , K. Suzuki , T. Tabata

Antineutrinos are an unavoidable byproduct of the fission process. The kiloton-scale KamLAND experiment has demonstrated the capability to detect reactor antineutrinos at few-hundred-km range. But to detect or rule out the existence of a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-08-18 Viacheslav A. Li , Steven A. Dazeley , Marc Bergevin , Adam Bernstein

TORCH is a time-of-flight detector designed to perform particle identification over the momentum range 2$-$10 GeV/c for a 10 m flight path. The detector exploits prompt Cherenkov light produced by charged particles traversing a quartz plate…

The photon density on the ground is a fundamental quantity in all experiments based on Cherenkov light measurements, e.g. in the Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT). IACT's are commonly and successfully used in order to search and study…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Dorota Sobczynska

The proposed SCORE detector consists of a large array of light collecting modules designed to sample the Cherenkov light front of extensive air showers in order to detect high energy gamma-rays. A large spacing of the detector stations…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-04 Daniel Hampf , Martin Tluczykont , Dieter Horns