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Support material for lectures at the May '25 Galileo Galilei Institute school on asymptotic sym- metries and flat holography. Contains an introduction to Noether theorem for gauge theories and gravity, covariant phase space formalism,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-18 Simone Speziale

After motivating the relevance of the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group over the last decades, we review how concepts such as Penrose diagrams and the covariant phase space formalism can be used to understand the asymptotic structure of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-06 Xavier Kervyn

We investigate the notion of asymptotic symmetries in classical gravity in higher even dimensions, with $D = 6$ space-time dimensions as the prototype. Unlike in four dimensions, certain non-linearities persist which necessitates the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-21 Chandramouli Chowdhury , Ruchira Mishra , Siddharth G. Prabhu

The symmetry algebra of asymptotically flat spacetimes at null infinity in four dimensions in the sense of Newman and Unti is revisited. As in the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs gauge, it is shown to be isomorphic to the direct sum of the abelian…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-01-24 Glenn Barnich , Pierre-Henry Lambert

In a previous article, we have argued that Low's sub-leading soft photon theorem can be recovered as a Ward identity associated to the same large gauge transformations that control the leading piece of the theorem. The key for that was to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-12 Eduardo Conde , Pujian Mao

In this paper we present a new set of asymptotic boundary conditions for Einstein gravity in 2+1 dimensions with vanishing cosmological constant that are a generalization of the Barnich-Comp{\`e}re boundary conditions gr-qc/0610130. These…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-01 Stéphane Detournay , Max Riegler

Motivated by the equivalence between soft graviton theorem and Ward identities for the supertranslation symmetries belonging to the BMS group, we propose a new extension (different from the so-called extended BMS) of the BMS group which is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-12-18 Miguel Campiglia , Alok Laddha

It is natural to regulate an infinite-sized system by imposing a boundary condition at finite distance, placing the system in a "box." This breaks symmetries, though the breaking is small when the box is large. One should thus be able to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-16 Tomas Andrade , Donald Marolf

Gravitational waves with a space-translation Killing field are considered. In this case, the 4-dimensional Einstein vacuum equations are equivalent to the 3-dimensional Einstein equations with certain matter sources. This interplay between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Abhay Ashtekar , Jiri Bicak , Bernd G. Schmidt

We propose novel asymptotically locally flat boundary conditions for Einstein Gravity without cosmological constant in four dimensions that are consistent with the variational principle. They allow for complex solutions that are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-10-31 Nishant Gupta , Partha Paul , Nemani V. Suryanarayana

In this paper, we revisit the question of identifying Soft Graviton theorem in higher (even) dimensions with Ward identities associated with Asymptotic symmetries. Building on the prior work of \cite{strominger}, we compute, from first…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-04 Ankit Aggarwal

We perform a complete and systematic analysis of the solution space of six-dimensional Einstein gravity. We show that a particular subclass of solutions -- those that are analytic near $\mathcal{I}^+$ -- admit a non-trivial action of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-27 Federico Capone , Prahar Mitra , Aaron Poole , Bilyana Tomova

After a review of symmetries and classical solutions involved in the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence, we apply a similar analysis to asymptotically flat spacetimes at null infinity in 3 and 4 dimensions. In the spirit of two dimensional conformal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-09 Glenn Barnich , Cedric Troessaert

For asymptotically flat spacetimes, a conjecture by Strominger states that asymptotic BMS-supertranslations and their associated charges at past null infinity $\mathscr{I}^{-}$ can be related to those at future null infinity…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Mariem Magdy , Kartik Prabhu , Juan A. Valiente Kroon

We investigate the asymptotic symmetries of General Relativity at spatial infinity within the first-order formalism described by the Holst action. Employing the covariant phase space method, we propose a set of relaxed boundary conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-03 Sepideh Bakhoda , Hongguang Liu

These notes are an introduction to asymptotic symmetries in gauge theories, with a focus on general relativity in four dimensions. We explain how to impose consistent sets of boundary conditions in the gauge fixing approach and how to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-05-05 Romain Ruzziconi

In IIB string theory on AdS$_3$ background with NS-NS fluxes, we show that Brown-Henneaux asymptotic Killing vectors can be derived by requiring both the worldsheet equations of motion and Virasoro constraints are preserved near the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-03-28 Zhengyuan Du , Kangning Liu , Wei Song

We investigate the relation between the subleading soft graviton theorem and asymptotic symmetries in gravity in even dimensions $d=2+2m$ higher than four. After rewriting the subleading soft graviton theorem as a Ward identity, we argue…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-01-24 Dimitri Colferai , Stefano Lionetti

We study holographic aspects of 2D dilaton-supergravity in flat space-time using gauge theoretic BF formulation. The asymptotic symmetries in Bondi gauge and at finite temperature span a supersymmetric extension of the warped Virasoro…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-16 Hamid Afshar , Narges Aghamir

The Lie algebra generated by supertranslation and superrotation vector fields at null infinity, known as the extended BMS (eBMS) algebra is expected to be a symmetry algebra of the quantum gravity S matrix. However, the algebra of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-29 Miguel Campiglia , Alok Laddha