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We formulate a bounded distance decoding strategy applicable to all stabilizer codes including both CSS and non-CSS code-families. The framework emerges out of the local Clifford equivalence between arbitrary stabilizer states and graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Harikrishnan K J , Amit Kumar Pal

We present a smorgasbord of results on the stabiliser ZX-calculus for odd prime-dimensional qudits (i.e. qupits). We derive a simplified rule set that closely resembles the original rules of qubit ZX-calculus. Using these rules, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Boldizsár Poór , Robert I. Booth , Titouan Carette , John van de Wetering , Lia Yeh

The ZX-calculus is a graphical calculus for reasoning about quantum systems and processes. It is known to be universal for pure state qubit quantum mechanics, meaning any pure state, unitary operation and post-selected pure projective…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-22 Miriam Backens

Several notions of code products are known in quantum error correction, such as hyper-graph products, homological products, lifted products, balanced products, to name a few. In this paper we introduce a new product code construction which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Dimiter Ostrev , Davide Orsucci , Francisco Lázaro , Balazs Matuz

The gauge field formalism, or operator-valued cochain formalism, has recently emerged as a powerful framework for describing quantum Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes. In this work, we extend this framework to construct a broad class of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-20 Junichi Haruna

Recent advances in classical simulation of Clifford+T circuits make use of the ZX calculus to iteratively decompose and simplify magic states into stabiliser terms. We improve on this method by studying stabiliser decompositions of ZX…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Mark Koch , Richie Yeung , Quanlong Wang

In this paper, we provide two methods of constructing quantum codes from linear codes over finite chain rings. The first one is derived from the Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) construction applied to self-dual codes over finite chain rings.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-24 Xiusheng Liu , Hualu Liu

Graphical languages offer intuitive and rigorous formalisms for quantum physics. They can be used to simplify expressions, derive equalities, and do computations. Yet in order to replace conventional formalisms, rigour alone is not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-01 Miriam Backens

Floquet codes are a recently discovered type of quantum error correction code. They can be thought of as generalising stabilizer codes and subsystem codes, by allowing the logical Pauli operators of the code to vary dynamically over time.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-01 Alex Townsend-Teague , Julio Magdalena de la Fuente , Markus Kesselring

We introduce \emph{stratified colimit codes}: stabiliser codes obtained by taking the degree-wise colimit $\mathcal C_\bullet(X):=\operatorname*{colim}_{\sigma\in X}F(\sigma)$ of a functor $F\colon X\to\mathbf{Ch}(R)$ from a finite poset…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 William Boone Samuels

Surface codes are a popular choice for implementing fault-tolerant quantum computing. Two-qubit gates may be realised in these codes using only nearest-neighbour interactions, either by lattice surgery or by braiding defects around each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Mateusz Kupper , Dominic Horsman , Chris Heunen , Niel de Beaudrap

In this paper, we utilize a concatenation scheme to construct new families of quantum error correction codes achieving the quantum Gilbert-Varshamov (GV) bound asymptotically. We concatenate alternant codes with any linear code achieving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Jihao Fan , Jun Li , Ya Wang , Yonghui Li , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Jiangfeng Du

Quantum error-correcting codes with high encoding rate are good candidates for large-scale quantum computers as they use physical qubits more efficiently than codes of the same distance that encode only a few logical qubits. Some logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Theerapat Tansuwannont , Yugo Takada , Keisuke Fujii

In this note, we present a construction of new nonbinary quantum codes with good parameters. These codes are obtained by applying the Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) construction. In order to do this, we show the existence of (classical)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-24 Giuliano G. La Guardia

This article provides an introduction to surface code quantum computing. We first estimate the size and speed of a surface code quantum computer. We then introduce the concept of the stabilizer, using two qubits, and extend this concept to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-30 Austin G. Fowler , Matteo Mariantoni , John M. Martinis , Andrew N. Cleland

We present a method for implementing stabilizer-based codes with encoding schemes of the operator quantum error correction paradigm, e.g., the "standard" five-qubit and CSS codes, on solid-state qubits with Ising or XY-type interactions.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-03 Tetsufumi Tanamoto , Vladimir M. Stojanović , Christoph Bruder , Daniel Becker

Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) quantum error-correcting codes are based on pairs of classical codes which are mutually dual containing. Explicit constructions of such codes for large blocklengths and with good error correcting properties are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-12 Zhicheng Luo

Among various classes of quantum error correcting codes (QECCs), non-stabilizer codes have rich properties and are of theoretical and practical interest. Decoding non-stabilizer codes is, however, a highly non-trivial task. In this paper,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Yoshifumi Nakata , Takaya Matsuura , Masato Koashi

Stabilizer codes form an important class of quantum error correcting codes which have an elegant theory, efficient error detection, and many known examples. Constructing stabilizer codes of length $n$ is equivalent to constructing subspaces…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-12 Tejas Gandhi , Piyush Kurur , Rajat Mittal

In the implementation of quantum information systems, one type of Pauli error, such as phase-flip errors, may occur more frequently than others, like bit-flip errors. For this reason, quantum error-correcting codes that handle asymmetric…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Lorenzo Valentini , Diego Forlivesi , Marco Chiani