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Optical microscopy offers a unique insight of biological structures with a sub-micrometer resolution and a minimum invasiveness. However, the inhomogeneities of the specimen itself can induce multiple scattering of light and optical…

The unambiguous and universal determination of optical constants such as complex refractive indices (n, k) and thickness (d) in one measurement is typically confined for films with a thickness of more than 10~nm that hampers its application…

Optics · Physics 2025-03-03 Sebastian Schaper , Matthias Duwe , Ursula Wurstbauer

We analyse the capability of distinguishing between different intensities in a monochromatic, pixellated image acquisition system at low light intensities. In practice, the latter means that each pixel detects a countable number of photons…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-11-19 Mattias Jönsson , Gunnar Björk

Ultrathin meta-optics offer unmatched, multifunctional control of light. Next-generation optical technologies, however, demand unprecedented performance. This will likely require design algorithms surpassing the capability of human…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-06 Shane Colburn , Arka Majumdar

There is widespread interest in estimating the fluorescence properties of natural materials in an image. However, the separation between reflected and fluoresced components is difficult, because it is impossible to distinguish reflected and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-16 Henryk Blasinski , Joyce Farrell , Brian Wandell

We report a new method for quantitative estimation of graphene layer thicknesses using high contrast imaging of graphene films on insulating substrates with a scanning electron microscope. By detecting the attenuation of secondary electrons…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-03-28 Vidya Kochat , Atindra Nath Pal , Sneha E. S. , Arjun B. S. , Anshita Gairola , S. A. Shivashankar , Srinivasan Raghavan , Arindam Ghosh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection aims to discern outliers from the intended data distribution, which is crucial to maintaining high reliability and a good user experience. Most recent studies in OOD detection utilize the information from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Hyunsoo Cho , Choonghyun Park , Jaewook Kang , Kang Min Yoo , Taeuk Kim , Sang-goo Lee

Diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs), which perform computation using light instead of electrons, offer a promising pathway toward accelerating artificial intelligence by leveraging the inherent advantages of optics in speed,…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-24 Haoyu Wang , Yanmin Zhu , Tong Fu

The assumption of scene rigidity is typical in SLAM algorithms. Such a strong assumption limits the use of most visual SLAM systems in populated real-world environments, which are the target of several relevant applications like service…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-16 Berta Bescos , José M. Fácil , Javier Civera , José Neira

Optical microscopy is without a doubt an essential component of life science research, but many objects of interest in biology are transparent. Chemical or immunological dyes, which can often be toxic, fluorescent transgenes, which require…

Optics · Physics 2012-09-11 Quintin Tyrell Davis

Depth map estimation is a crucial task in computer vision, and new approaches have recently emerged taking advantage of light fields, as this new imaging modality captures much more information about the angular direction of light rays…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Yang Chen , Martin Alain , Aljosa Smolic

Bidimensional materials are ideally viewed as having no thickness, as their name suggests. Their optical response have been previously modelled by a purely bidimensional surface current or by a very thin film with some contradictory…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-31 Bruno Majérus , Luc Henrard , Pascal Kockaert

A new technique for contrast separation in wide-field magneto-optical Kerr microscopy is introduced. Utilizing the light from eight light emitting diodes, guided to the microscope by glass fibers and being switched synchronously with the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-08-02 Ivan Soldatov , Rudolf Schäfer

Ultra-fast and multi-dimensional spectroscopy gives a powerful looking glass into the dynamics of molecular systems. In particular two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) provides a probe of coherence and the flow of energy within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-31 André Anda , Jared H. Cole

Multispectral image analysis is a relatively promising field of research with applications in several areas, such as medical imaging and satellite monitoring. A considerable number of current methods of analysis are based on parametric…

Existing object detection methods often consider sRGB input, which was compressed from RAW data using ISP originally designed for visualization. However, such compression might lose crucial information for detection, especially under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zhong-Yu Li , Xin Jin , Boyuan Sun , Chun-Le Guo , Ming-Ming Cheng

Aberration-corrected optics have made electron microscopy at atomic-resolution a widespread and often essential tool for nanocharacterization. Image resolution is dominated by beam energy and the numerical aperture of the lens ({\alpha}),…

Spectroscopic ellipsometry is a powerful method with high surface sensitivity that can be used to monitor the growth of even sub-monolayer film. However, the analysis of ultrathin films is complicated by the correlation of the dielectric…

A unified method for three-dimensional reconstruction of objects from transmission images collected at multiple illumination directions is described. The method may be applicable to experimental conditions relevant to absorption-based,…

Medical Physics · Physics 2022-12-07 Timur E. Gureyev , Hamish G. Brown , Harry M. Quiney , Leslie J. Allen

Arrays of photodetector-based pixel sensors are ubiquitous in modern devices, such as smart phone cameras, automobiles, drones, laptops etc. Two dimensional (2D) material-based photodetector arrays are a relevant candidate, especially for…