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Post-training quantization (PTQ) enables effective model compression while preserving relatively high accuracy. Current weight-only PTQ methods primarily focus on the challenging sub-3-bit regime, where approaches often suffer significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Hongyaoxing Gu , Lijuan Hu , Liye Yu , Haowei Li , Fangfang Liu

Despite the proliferation of diverse hardware accelerators (e.g., NPU, TPU, DPU), deploying deep learning models on edge devices with fixed-point hardware is still challenging due to complex model quantization and conversion. Existing model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Manasa Manohara , Sankalp Dayal , Tariq Afzal , Rahul Bakshi , Kahkuen Fu

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing, albeit at the cost of immense memory and computation requirements. Post-training quantization (PTQ) is becoming the de facto method to reduce the memory footprint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Yuhang Li , Priyadarshini Panda

Large Language Models (LLMs) suffer severe performance degradation when facing extremely low-bit (sub 2-bit) quantization. Several existing sub 2-bit post-training quantization (PTQ) methods utilize a mix-precision scheme by leveraging an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiaqi Zhao , Miao Zhang , Ming Wang , Yuzhang Shang , Kaihao Zhang , Weili Guan , Yaowei Wang , Min Zhang

Deep neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art results in a wide range of applications, from natural language processing and computer vision to speech recognition. However, as tasks become increasingly complex, model sizes continue to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Tomer Gafni , Asaf Karnieli , Yair Hanani

While neural networks have advanced the frontiers in many applications, they often come at a high computational cost. Reducing the power and latency of neural network inference is key if we want to integrate modern networks into edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Markus Nagel , Marios Fournarakis , Rana Ali Amjad , Yelysei Bondarenko , Mart van Baalen , Tijmen Blankevoort

The post-training quantization (PTQ) challenge of bringing quantized neural net accuracy close to original has drawn much attention driven by industry demand. Many of the methods emphasize optimization of a specific degree-of-freedom (DoF),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-21 Alex Finkelstein , Ella Fuchs , Idan Tal , Mark Grobman , Niv Vosco , Eldad Meller

Quantization is a technique used in deep neural networks (DNNs) to increase execution performance and hardware efficiency. Uniform post-training quantization (PTQ) methods are common, since they can be implemented efficiently in hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Gil Shomron , Freddy Gabbay , Samer Kurzum , Uri Weiser

With the commercialization of large language models (LLMs), weight-activation quantization has emerged to compress and accelerate LLMs, achieving high throughput while reducing inference costs. However, existing post-training quantization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jung Hyun Lee , Jeonghoon Kim , June Yong Yang , Se Jung Kwon , Eunho Yang , Kang Min Yoo , Dongsoo Lee

Low-bit post-training quantization (PTQ) is a practical route to deploy reasoning-capable LLMs under tight memory and latency budgets, yet it can markedly impair mathematical reasoning (drops up to 69.81% in our harder settings). We address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhen Li , Yupeng Su , Songmiao Wang , Runming Yang , Congkai Xie , Aofan Liu , Ming Li , Jiannong Cao , Yuan Xie , Ngai Wong , Hongxia Yang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) is a popular method for compressing deep neural networks (DNNs) without modifying their original architecture or training procedures. Despite its effectiveness and convenience, the reliability of PTQ methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Zhihang Yuan , Jiawei Liu , Jiaxiang Wu , Dawei Yang , Qiang Wu , Guangyu Sun , Wenyu Liu , Xinggang Wang , Bingzhe Wu

Efficient inference for object detection networks is a major challenge on edge devices. Post-Training Quantization (PTQ), which transforms a full-precision model into low bit-width directly, is an effective and convenient approach to reduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Lin Niu , Jiawei Liu , Zhihang Yuan , Dawei Yang , Xinggang Wang , Wenyu Liu

Low-bit quantization has become widespread for compressing image super-resolution (SR) models for edge deployment, which allows advanced SR models to enjoy compact low-bit parameters and efficient integer/bitwise constructions for storage…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Kai Liu , Haotong Qin , Yong Guo , Xin Yuan , Linghe Kong , Guihai Chen , Yulun Zhang

Post-training quantization (PTQ) has emerged as a prevailing technique for deploying large language models (LLMs) efficiently in terms of both memory and computation, across edge devices and server platforms. Existing PTQ methods primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yeonsik Park , Hyeonseong Kim , Seungkyu Choi

Recently, post-training quantization (PTQ) has driven much attention to produce efficient neural networks without long-time retraining. Despite its low cost, current PTQ works tend to fail under the extremely low-bit setting. In this study,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Xiuying Wei , Ruihao Gong , Yuhang Li , Xianglong Liu , Fengwei Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various domains, but they are constrained by massive computational and storage costs. Quantization, an effective technique for compressing models to fit resource-limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Han Liu , Haotian Gao , Xiaotong Zhang , Changya Li , Feng Zhang , Wei Wang , Fenglong Ma , Hong Yu

Quantization Aware Training (QAT) is a neural network quantization technique that compresses model size and improves operational efficiency while effectively maintaining model performance. The paradigm of QAT is to introduce fake…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Wenqiang Zhou , Zhendong Yu , Xinyu Liu , Jiaming Yang , Rong Xiao , Tao Wang , Chenwei Tang , Jiancheng Lv

Quantizing a floating-point neural network to its fixed-point representation is crucial for Learned Image Compression (LIC) because it improves decoding consistency for interoperability and reduces space-time complexity for implementation.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Junqi Shi , Ming Lu , Zhan Ma

While neural networks have been remarkably successful in a wide array of applications, implementing them in resource-constrained hardware remains an area of intense research. By replacing the weights of a neural network with quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Jinjie Zhang , Yixuan Zhou , Rayan Saab

Post-training quantization (PTQ) for vision transformers (ViTs) has received increasing attention from both academic and industrial communities due to its minimal data needs and high time efficiency. However, many current methods fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yunshan Zhong , You Huang , Jiawei Hu , Yuxin Zhang , Rongrong Ji