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Isolated quantum systems typically approach thermal equilibrium as described by the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH). Going beyond this involves either higher order correlators (full thermalization) or the formation of state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Tabea Herrmann , Felix Fritzsch , Arnd Bäcker

We study the validity of the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and its role for the occurrence of initial-state independent (ISI) equilibration in closed quantum many-body systems. Using the concept of dynamical typicality, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-19 Abdellah Khodja , Robin Steinigeweg , Jochen Gemmer

We use exact diagonalization to study the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) in the quantum dimer model on the square and triangular lattices. Due to the nonergodicity of the local plaquette-flip dynamics, the Hilbert space, which…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-25 Zhihao Lan , Stephen Powell

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is the leading interpretation in our current understanding of quantum thermalization. Recent results uncovered strong connections between quantum correlations in thermalizing systems and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-23 Gabriel O. Alves , Felix Fritzsch , Pieter W. Claeys

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) provides a sufficient condition for thermalization of isolated quantum systems. While the standard ETH is formulated in the absence of degeneracy, physical systems often possess symmetries that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-27 Soma Onoda , Osamu Fukushima , Ryusuke Hamazaki , Okuto Morikawa

We consider a minimal model for quantum thermalization of coupled chaotic subsystems. The route towards ergodicity is explored as a function of the coupling strength. The results are contrasted with the predictions of standard Random Matrix…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-23 Amichay Vardi , Doron Cohen

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) describes the properties of diagonal and off-diagonal matrix elements of local operators in the eigenenergy basis. In this work, we propose a relation between (i) the singular behaviour of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-18 Luca Capizzi , Jiaozi Wang , Xiansong Xu , Leonardo Mazza , Dario Poletti

We derive the Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) from a random matrix Hamiltonian by extending the model introduced by J. M. Deutsch [Phys. Rev. A 43, 2046 (1991)]. We approximate the coupling between a subsystem and a many-body…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-26 Charlie Nation , Diego Porras

We discuss eigenstate correlations for ergodic, spatially extended many-body quantum systems, in terms of the statistical properties of matrix elements of local observables. While the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is known to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-06-11 Amos Chan , Andrea De Luca , J. T. Chalker

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH), which asserts that every eigenstate of a many-body quantum system is indistinguishable from a thermal ensemble, plays a pivotal role in understanding thermalization of isolated quantum…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-05-27 Shoki Sugimoto , Ryusuke Hamazaki , Masahito Ueda

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is one of the cornerstones in our understanding of quantum statistical mechanics. The extent to which ETH holds for nonlocal operators is an open question that we partially address in this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-02-27 Ivan M. Khaymovich , Masudul Haque , Paul A. McClarty

The Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis (ETH) has been established as a cornerstone for understanding thermalization in quantum many-body systems. Recently, there has been growing interest in the full ETH, which extends the framework of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-12 Merlin Füllgraf , Jochen Gemmer , Jiaozi Wang

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) explains why chaotic quantum many-body systems thermalize internally if the Hamiltonian lacks symmetries. If the Hamiltonian conserves one quantity ("charge"), the ETH implies thermalization…

The thermalization phenomenon and many-body quantum statistical properties are studied on the example of several observables in isolated spin-chain systems, both integrable and generic non-integrable ones. While diagonal matrix elements for…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-01-17 Robin Steinigeweg , Jacek Herbrych , Peter Prelovšek

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) is a successful theory that establishes the criteria for ergodicity and thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems. In this work, we investigate the thermalization properties of…

We develop a class of matrix models which implement and formalize the `eigenstate thermalization hypothesis' (ETH) and point out that in general these models must contain non-Gaussian corrections, already in order to correctly capture…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-06 Daniel Louis Jafferis , David K. Kolchmeyer , Baur Mukhametzhanov , Julian Sonner

Deriving conditions under which a macroscopic system thermalizes directly from the underlying quantum many-body dynamics of its microscopic constituents is a long-standing challenge in theoretical physics. The well-known eigenstate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-02-02 Lennart Dabelow , Patrick Vorndamme , Peter Reimann

We prove the Eigenstate Thermalisation Hypothesis (ETH) for local observables in a typical translation invariant system of quantum spins with mean field interaction. This mathematically verifies the observation made in [L.Santos and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-22 Shoki Sugimoto , Joscha Henheik , Volodymyr Riabov , László Erdős

It is known that the long-range quantum entanglement exhibited in free fermion systems is sufficient to "thermalize" a small subsystem in that the subsystem reduced density matrix computed from a typical excited eigenstate of the combined…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-02-18 G. C. Levine , B. A. Friedman

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) has been highly influential in explaining thermodynamic behavior of closed quantum systems. As of yet, it is unclear whether and how the ETH applies to non-Hermitian systems. Here, we introduce…