English
Related papers

Related papers: Causal Intervention for Subject-Deconfounded Facia…

200 papers

Multi-modal image fusion integrates complementary information from different modalities into a unified representation. Current methods predominantly optimize statistical correlations between modalities, often capturing dataset-induced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xue Wang , Zheng Guan , Wenhua Qian , Chengchao Wang , Runzhuo Ma

Detecting concealed emotions within apparently normal expressions is crucial for identifying potential mental health issues and facilitating timely support and intervention. The task of spotting macro and micro-expressions involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pei-Sze Tan , Sailaja Rajanala , Arghya Pal , Raphaël C. -W. Phan , Huey-Fang Ong

Current works formulate facial action unit (AU) recognition as a supervised learning problem, requiring fully AU-labeled facial images during training. It is challenging if not impossible to provide AU annotations for large numbers of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Shangfei Wang , Yanan Chang , Guozhu Peng , Bowen Pan

What is the difference of a prediction that is made with a causal model and a non-causal model? Suppose we intervene on the predictor variables or change the whole environment. The predictions from a causal model will in general work as…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-27 Jonas Peters , Peter Bühlmann , Nicolai Meinshausen

This paper describes an approach to the facial action unit (AU) detection. In this work, we present our submission to the Field Affective Behavior Analysis (ABAW) 2021 competition. The proposed method uses the pre-trained JAA model as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Chenggong Zhang , Juan Song , Qingyang Zhang , Weilong Dong , Ruomeng Ding , Zhilei Liu

Causal discovery and causal reasoning are classically treated as separate and consecutive tasks: one first infers the causal graph, and then uses it to estimate causal effects of interventions. However, such a two-stage approach is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Christian Toth , Lars Lorch , Christian Knoll , Andreas Krause , Franz Pernkopf , Robert Peharz , Julius von Kügelgen

In longitudinal studies where units are embedded in space or a social network, interference may arise, meaning that a unit's outcome can depend on treatment histories of others. The presence of interference poses significant challenges for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-26 Ye Wang , Michael Jetsupphasuk

Facial action units (AUs) play an indispensable role in human emotion analysis. We observe that although AU-based high-level emotion analysis is urgently needed by real-world applications, frame-level AU results provided by previous works…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Yingjie Chen , Jiarui Zhang , Tao Wang , Yun Liang

We address the problem of estimating causal effects from observational data in the presence of network confounding, a setting where both treatment assignment and observed outcomes of individuals may be influenced by their neighbors within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Abhishek Dalvi , Neil Ashtekar , Vasant Honavar

Deep learning vision models excel with abundant supervision, but many applications face label scarcity and class imbalance. Controllable image editing can augment scarce labeled data, yet edits often introduce artifacts and entangle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Joris Kirchner , Amogh Gudi , Marian Bittner , Chirag Raman

Recent years have seen a surge of interest in learning high-level causal representations from low-level image pairs under interventions. Yet, existing efforts are largely limited to simple synthetic settings that are far away from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Yuejiang Liu , Alexandre Alahi , Chris Russell , Max Horn , Dominik Zietlow , Bernhard Schölkopf , Francesco Locatello

Employing deep learning-based approaches for fine-grained facial expression analysis, such as those involving the estimation of Action Unit (AU) intensities, is difficult due to the lack of a large-scale dataset of real faces with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Zhilei Liu , Guoxian Song , Jianfei Cai , Tat-Jen Cham , Juyong Zhang

Automatic facial action unit (AU) recognition is a challenging task due to the scarcity of manual annotations. To alleviate this problem, a large amount of efforts has been dedicated to exploiting various methods which leverage numerous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Jingwei Yan , Jingjing Wang , Qiang Li , Chunmao Wang , Shiliang Pu

Facial Action Unit (AU) detection is a crucial task in affective computing and social robotics as it helps to identify emotions expressed through facial expressions. Anatomically, there are innumerable correlations between AUs, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Xin Liu , Kaishen Yuan , Xuesong Niu , Jingang Shi , Zitong Yu , Huanjing Yue , Jingyu Yang

In biomedical research, repeated measurements within each subject are often processed to remove artifacts and unwanted sources of variation. The resulting data are used to construct derived outcomes that act as proxies for scientific…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-03 Zihang Wang , Razieh Nabi , Benjamin B. Risk

Pain is a common occurrence among patients admitted to Intensive Care Units. Pain assessment in ICU patients still remains a challenge for clinicians and ICU staff, specifically in cases of non-verbal sedated, mechanically ventilated, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Subhash Nerella , Kia Khezeli , Andrea Davidson , Patrick Tighe , Azra Bihorac , Parisa Rashidi

Facial micro-expressions are spontaneous, brief and subtle facial motions that unveil the underlying, suppressed emotions. Detecting Action Units (AUs) in micro-expressions is crucial because it yields a finer representation of facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Huai-Qian Khor , Yante Li , Xingxun Jiang , Guoying Zhao

Facial action unit (AU) detection and face alignment are two highly correlated tasks since facial landmarks can provide precise AU locations to facilitate the extraction of meaningful local features for AU detection. Most existing AU…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Zhiwen Shao , Zhilei Liu , Jianfei Cai , Lizhuang Ma

Although the widespread use of AI systems in today's world is growing, many current AI systems are found vulnerable due to hidden bias and missing information, especially in the most commonly used forecasting system. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Zhixuan Chu , Hui Ding , Guang Zeng , Shiyu Wang , Yiming Li

Intensive Care Units (ICU) provide close supervision and continuous care to patients with life-threatening conditions. However, continuous patient assessment in the ICU is still limited due to time constraints and the workload on healthcare…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Subhash Nerella , Ziyuan Guan , Andrea Davidson , Yuanfang Ren , Tezcan Baslanti , Brooke Armfield , Patrick Tighe , Azra Bihorac , Parisa Rashidi